Table 2 Results of analysis of factors associated with CES-D 10 scores
From: Depressive symptoms in individuals with family members requiring ADL assistance
Variables | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | S.E | P value | β | S.E | P value | |
Caregiving Status of family members requiring ADL assistance | ||||||
 Yes, by others* | 0.035 | 0.089 | 0.6947 | 0.210 | 0.084 | 0.0123 |
 Yes, by myself | 0.407 | 0.145 | 0.0051 | 0.506 | 0.125 | < 0.0001 |
 No family members requiring ADL assistance | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Age | ||||||
 45–54 | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
 55–64 | − 0.003 | 0.053 | 0.9488 | 0.089 | 0.052 | 0.0836 |
 65–74 | 0.051 | 0.071 | 0.4769 | 0.226 | 0.069 | 0.0010 |
 ≥ 75 | 0.122 | 0.090 | 0.1742 | 0.326 | 0.082 | < 0.0001 |
Education level | ||||||
 Elementary school or less | 0.460 | 0.086 | < 0.0001 | 0.364 | 0.114 | 0.0014 |
 Middle school | 0.272 | 0.090 | 0.0025 | 0.149 | 0.117 | 0.2032 |
 High school | 0.164 | 0.070 | 0.0194 | − 0.041 | 0.106 | 0.7000 |
 University or beyond | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Region | ||||||
 Metropolitan | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
 Rural | 0.168 | 0.053 | 0.0017 | 0.170 | 0.050 | 0.0007 |
Working Status | ||||||
 Working | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
 Non-working | 0.469 | 0.054 | < 0.0001 | 0.255 | 0.047 | < 0.0001 |
Equalized household income | ||||||
 Low | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
 Mid-low | − 0.139 | 0.061 | 0.0213 | − 0.321 | 0.054 | < 0.0001 |
 Mid-high | − 0.164 | 0.066 | 0.0134 | − 0.467 | 0.058 | < 0.0001 |
 High | − 0.175 | 0.075 | 0.0194 | − 0.411 | 0.066 | < 0.0001 |
Perceive health status | ||||||
 Healthy | − 1.540 | 0.069 | < 0.0001 | − 1.486 | 0.058 | < 0.0001 |
 Average | − 1.247 | 0.066 | < 0.0001 | − 1.158 | 0.053 | < 0.0001 |
 Unhealthy | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Regular physical activities | ||||||
 Yes | − 0.282 | 0.041 | < 0.0001 | − 0.260 | 0.039 | < 0.0001 |
 No | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Participation in social activities | ||||||
 Yes | − 0.407 | 0.056 | < 0.0001 | − 0.155 | 0.046 | 0.0008 |
 No | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Smoking | ||||||
 Ever | 0.021 | 0.056 | 0.7097 | 0.663 | 0.142 | < 0.0001 |
 Never | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Alcohol intake | ||||||
 Yes | − 0.222 | 0.051 | <0.0001 | − 0.118 | 0.059 | 0.0454 |
 No | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
Number of chronic diseases | ||||||
 None | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |
 1 | 0.007 | 0.055 | 0.8963 | 0.188 | 0.055 | 0.0006 |
 ≥ 2 | 0.176 | 0.072 | 0.0146 | 0.430 | 0.066 | < 0.0001 |
Number of cohabiting generations | ||||||
 Couple | − 0.009 | 0.082 | 0.9101 | − 0.179 | 0.074 | 0.0154 |
 Two generations | 0.057 | 0.080 | 0.4767 | − 0.018 | 0.073 | 0.8022 |
 Over two generations | Ref. |  |  | Ref. |  |  |