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Table 2 Associations between occupational factors and the downloading of the COVID-19 contact tracing app

From: Industry and workplace characteristics associated with the downloading of a COVID-19 contact tracing app in Japan: a nation-wide cross-sectional study

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

OR

(95% CI)

P value

OR

(95% CI)

P value

OR

(95% CI)

P-value

Industry

 Manufacturing

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Public service

1.41

(1.25–1.58)

< 0.001

1.32

(1.17–1.49)

< 0.001

1.29

(1.14–1.45)

< 0.001

 Information technology

1.39

(1.21–1.58)

< 0.001

1.36

(1.18–1.55)

< 0.001

1.38

(1.20–1.58)

< 0.001

 Retail and wholesale

0.83

(0.73–0.94)

0.004

0.87

(0.76–0.99)

0.034

0.92

(0.81–1.05)

0.223

 Food/beverage

0.76

(0.66–0.89)

< 0.001

0.81

(0.70–0.94)

0.007

0.89

(0.76–1.03)

0.125

 Medical and welfare

0.94

(0.85–1.03)

0.201

0.86

(0.78–0.94)

0.004

0.91

(0.82–1.01)

0.068

 Finance

1.26

(1.09–1.45)

0.001

1.19

(1.03–1.38)

0.016

1.15

(0.99–1.32)

0.061

 Construction

1.00

(0.85–1.18)

0.999

0.98

(0.84–1.16)

0.845

1.10

(0.93–1.30)

0.271

 Other

0.92

(0.84–0.99)

0.034

0.94

(0.87–1.03)

0.175

1.01

(0.93–1.10)

0.807

Company size

 1–9 employees

1.00

1.00

1.00

 10–49 employees

1.09

(0.99–1.20)

0.063

1.04

(0.94–1.14)

0.453

1.03

(0.97–1.11)

0.329

 50–999 employees

1.36

(1.25–1.46)

< 0.001

1.24

(1.14–1.34)

< 0.001

1.22

(1.13–1.33)

< 0.001

 ≥ 1000 employees

1.71

(1.57–1.85)

< 0.001

1.52

(1.39–1.65)

< 0.001

1.44

(1.32–1.57)

< 0.001

Occupation*

 Permanent employee

1.00

1.00

   

 Manager

1.62

(1.48–1.76)

< 0.001

1.40

(1.28–1.53)

< 0.001

   

 Civil servant

1.34

(1.23–1.47)

< 0.001

1.22

(1.11–1.34)

< 0.001

   

 Dispatched or contact worker

0.95

(0.86–1.04)

0.277

1.02

(0.92–1.12)

0.769

   

 Self-employed

0.72

(0.64–0.80)

< 0.001

0.76

(0.69–0.85)

< 0.001

   

 Other

0.95

(0.86–1.05)

0.290

0.89

(0.80–0.99)

0.033

   
  1. COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. Model 1: Adjusted for sex and age
  3. Model 2: Adjusted for sex, age, income, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol intake, and anxiety about contracting COVID-19
  4. Model 3: Adjusted for sex, age, income, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol intake, anxiety about contracting COVID-19, type of industry, and company size
  5. *The occupation variables were not included in Model 3 because of the high correlations between the occupation of civil servant and the public service industry and between self-employed occupation and company size of 1–9 employees