| |
Quartile 1 (n = 888)
|
Quartile 2 (n = 880)
|
Quartile 3 (n = 860)
|
Quartile 4 (n = 848)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Age (year)
|
47.60 ± 0.96
|
47.23 ± 0.93
|
47.08 ± 0.88
|
45.82 ± 0.74
|
0.135
|
|
Gender (%, men)
|
43.98 ± 1.87
|
45.03 ± 1.83
|
50.84 ± 2.24
|
56.02 ± 1.91
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
23.87 ± 0.14
|
24.17 ± 0.16
|
24.61 ± 0.19
|
24.73 ± 0.17
|
< 0.001
|
|
Drinking status (%)
| | | | |
0.056
|
|
Never
|
17.13 ± 1.80
|
17.37 ± 1.73
|
14.72 ± 1.51
|
13.71 ± 1.46
| |
|
Former
|
11.64 ± 1.34
|
12.83 ± 1.59
|
10.27 ± 1.59
|
10.91 ± 1.38
| |
|
Current
|
71.21 ± 2.08
|
69.77 ± 2.11
|
75.00 ± 1.95
|
75.37 ± 1.98
| |
|
Smoking status (%)
| | | | |
< 0.001
|
|
Never
|
70.06 ± 1.71
|
65.52 ± 1.91
|
59.79 ± 2.53
|
58.71 ± 2.42
| |
|
Former
|
16.16 ± 1.51
|
18.49 ± 1.67
|
20.25 ± 1.80
|
18.24 ± 1.83
| |
|
Current
|
13.77 ± 1.76
|
15.97 ± 2.09
|
20.24 ± 1.82
|
23.03 ± 2.10
| |
|
Physical activity (%)
| | | | |
0.099
|
|
No
|
52.75 ± 2.34
|
54.60 ± 2.46
|
54.01 ± 2.34
|
60.38 ± 2.05
| |
|
Moderate
|
9.68 ± 1.42
|
6.44 ± 1.07
|
7.71 ± 1.19
|
5.79 ± 0.96
| |
|
Vigorous
|
37.56 ± 2.61
|
38.95 ± 2.42
|
38.27 ± 2.16
|
33.82 ± 2.15
| |
|
Monthly household income (%)
|
0.943
|
|
< 2 million Korean Won
|
28.53 ± 2.63
|
27.09 ± 2.42
|
25.90 ± 1.89
|
28.94 ± 2.66
| |
|
2-3 million Korean Won
|
19.55 ± 2.32
|
25.18 ± 2.14
|
22.59 ± 2.14
|
20.34 ± 1.97
| |
|
3-5 million Korean Won
|
30.38 ± 2.72
|
25.97 ± 2.53
|
30.14 ± 2.19
|
29.79 ± 2.72
| |
|
> 5 million Korean Won
|
21.52 ± 2.64
|
21.75 ± 2.34
|
21.35 ± 2.33
|
20.91 ± 2.14
| |
|
Education (%)
| | | | |
0.996
|
|
< High school
|
22.41 ± 2.26
|
20.30 ± 1.90
|
21.73 ± 1.92
|
20.25 ± 1.82
| |
|
High school
|
35.01 ± 2.13
|
38.62 ± 2.07
|
38.93 ± 2.64
|
38.25 ± 2.32
| |
|
College and more
|
42.56 ± 2.71
|
41.07 ± 2.21
|
39.33 ± 2.66
|
41.49 ± 2.53
| |
|
Marital status (%)
| | | | |
0.797
|
|
Single
|
21.02 ± 2.29
|
21.65 ± 2.18
|
20.27 ± 2.25
|
22.42 ± 2.14
| |
|
Married
|
71.13 ± 2.35
|
69.49 ± 2.39
|
71.26 ± 2.33
|
69.69 ± 2.23
| |
|
Divorced or separated
|
7.84 ± 1.16
|
8.85 ± 1.26
|
8.45 ± 1.32
|
7.87 ± 1.13
| |
|
AST
|
25.57 ± 0.35
|
24.79 ± 0.32
|
25.90 ± 0.82
|
25.42 ± 0.45
|
0.048
|
|
ALT
|
24.70 ± 0.62
|
24.09 ± 0.67
|
25.91 ± 1.19
|
26.26 ± 0.72
|
0.729
|
|
γ-GTP
|
28.18 ± 1.25
|
28.49 ± 1.25
|
32.20 ± 1.88
|
32.57 ± 1.87
|
0.015
|
|
Comorbidity (%)
| | | | | |
|
Hypertension
|
16.78 ± 1.21
|
17.06 ± 1.62
|
17.29 ± 1.40
|
14.40 ± 1.54
|
0.257
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
6.44 ± 0.98
|
4.65 ± 0.63
|
6.02 ± 1.13
|
7.39 ± 1.10
|
0.359
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
27.92 ± 2.11
|
30.54 ± 2.00
|
31.41 ± 2.56
|
34.44 ± 2.12
|
0.025
|
- BMI body mass index, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, γ-GTP, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Data were shown as the weighted mean or frequency ± standard errors as appropriated
