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Table 1 General characteristics of study participants according to hepatic steatosis index score

From: The association between urinary bisphenol A levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017

 

Total (n = 3476)

non-NAFLD (n = 2561)

NAFLD (n = 915)

p value

Age, year

52.96 ± 0.25

52.67 ± 0.29

53.78 ± 0.46

0.090

Gender (%, men)

1474 (42.41)

1070 (41.78)

404 (44.15)

0.213

BMI, kg/m2

24.61 ± 0.05

23.23 ± 0.04

28.47±0.10

< 0.001

Drinking status, n (%)

   

0.018

 Never

715 (20.57)

502 (19.60)

213 (23.28)

 

 Former

439 (12.63)

314 (12.26)

125 (13.66)

 

 Current

2322 (66.80)

1745 (68.14)

577 (63.06)

 

Smoking status, n (%)

   

0.727

 Never

2278 (65.54)

1667 (65.48)

602 (65.68)

 

 Former

679 (19.53)

507 (19.80)

172 (18.80)

 

 Current

519 (14.93)

377 (14.72)

142 (15.52)

 

Physical activity, n (%)

   

0.005

 No

1888 (54.32)

1350 (52.71)

538 (58.80)

 

 Moderate

274 (7.88)

205 (8.00)

69 (7.54)

 

 Vigorous

1314 (37.80)

1006 (39.28)

308 (33.66)

 

Monthly household income, n (%)

   

0.037

 < 2 million Korean Won

1308 (37.63)

944 (36.86)

364 (39.78)

 

 2-3 million Korean Won

733 (21.09)

523 (20.42)

210 (22.95)

 

 3-5 million Korean Won

873 (25.12)

662 (25.93)

209 (22.84)

 

 > 5 million Korean Won

562 (16.17)

430 (16.79)

132 (14.43)

 

Education, n (%)

   

< 0.001

 < High school

1172 (33.72)

800 (31.24)

372 (40.66)

 

 High school

1220 (35.10)

941 (36.74)

279 (30.49)

 

 College or higher

10.84 (31.19)

820 (32.02)

264 (28.85)

 

Marital status, n (%)

   

0.043

 Single

397 (11.42)

310 (12.10)

87 (9.51)

 

 Married

2681 (77.13)

1971 (76.96)

710 (77.60)

 

 Divorced or separated

398 (11.45)

280 (10.93)

118 (12.90)

 

AST

25.97 ± 0.17

24.95 ± 0.18

28.84 ± 0.41

< 0.001

ALT

24.86 ± 0.26

20.82 ± 0.18

36.17 ± 0.74

< 0.001

γ-GTP

29.78 ± 0.57

26.00 ± 0.61

40.36 ± 1.29

< 0.001

Comorbidity, n (%)

    

 Hypertension

798 (22.96)

474 (18.51)

324 (35.41)

< 0.001

 Diabetes mellitus

309 (8.89)

146 (5.70)

163 (17.81)

< 0.001

 Hyperlipidemia

1211 (34.84)

734 (28.66)

477 (52.13)

< 0.001

  1. NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, BMI body mass index, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, γ-GTP gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase