Table 2 Univariate logistic regression analyses of poor sleep quality (N=3081)
Variables | Poor sleep quality | P | OR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n=2259) | Yes (n=822) | |||
Gendersa | ||||
 Male | 1167 (74.6) | 398 (25.4) | – | 1.000 |
 Female | 1092 (72.0) | 424 (28.0) | 0.112 | 1.138 (0.970, 1.336) |
Gradesa | ||||
 First | 794 (81.1) | 185 (18.9) | – | 1.000 |
 Second | 792 (73.0) | 293 (27.0) | <0.001 | 1.588 (1.289, 1.956) |
 Third | 673 (66.2) | 344 (33.8) | <0.001 | 2.194 (1.785, 2.696) |
School typesa | ||||
 Urban | 1194 (76.9) | 358 (23.1) | – | 1.000 |
 Rural | 1065 (69.7) | 464 (30.3) | <0.001 | 1.453 (1.237, 1.706) |
Family typesa | ||||
 Stem family | 777 (73.3) | 283 (26.7) | – | 1.000 |
 Nuclear family | 1259 (75.4) | 410 (24.6) | 0.212 | 0.894 (0.750, 1.066) |
 Single-parent family | 172 (63.5) | 99 (36.5) | 0.001 | 1.580 (1.192, 2.096) |
Foster family | 51 (63.0) | 30 (37.0) | 0.046 | 1.615 (1.008, 2.587) |
Fathers’ education levelsa | ||||
 Junior college or higher | 266 (79.6) | 68 (20.4) | – | 1.000 |
 Senior school | 511 (76.2) | 160 (23.8) | 0.214 | 1.225 (0.889, 1.687) |
 Junior middle school | 1201 (72.9) | 446 (27.1) | 0.011 | 1.453 (1.090, 1.937) |
 Primary school or less | 281 (65.5) | 148 (34.5) | <0.001 | 2.060 (1.477, 2.873) |
Mothers’ education levelsa | ||||
 Junior college or higher | 196 (77.8) | 56 (22.2) | – | 1.000 |
 Senior school | 352 (75.9) | 112 (24.1) | 0.564 | 1.114 (0.773, 1.605) |
 Junior middle school | 1083 (74.8) | 364 (25.2) | 0.320 | 1.176 (0.854, 1.620) |
 Primary school or less | 628 (68.4) | 290 (31.6) | 0.004 | 1.616 (1.164, 2.244) |
Smokinga | ||||
 No | 2226 (74.1) | 777 (25.9) | – | 1.000 |
 Yes | 33 (42.3) | 45 (57.7) | <0.001 | 3.907 (2.475, 6.167) |
Drinking alcohola | ||||
 No | 1623 (77.8) | 463 (22.2) | – | 1.000 |
 Yes | 636 (63.9) | 359 (36.1) | <0.001 | 1.979 (1.677, 2.335) |
Physical exercisesa | ||||
 Often exercise | 628 (75.7) | 202 (24.3) | – | 1.000 |
 Lack of exercise | 1631 (72.5) | 620 (27.5) | 0.074 | 1.182 (0.984, 1.420) |
Self-rated healtha | ||||
 Good | 1381 (80.1) | 343 (19.9) | – | 1.000 |
 Fair | 790 (67.6) | 378 (32.4) | <0.001 | 1.926 (1.625, 2.284) |
 Poor | 88 (46.6) | 101 (53.4) | <0.001 | 4.621 (3.392, 6.296) |
Self-perceived study stressesa | ||||
 Low | 478 (89.2) | 58 (10.8) | – | 1.000 |
 Fair | 1211 (77.9) | 343 (22.1) | <0.001 | 2.334 (1.733, .144) |
 High | 570 (57.5) | 421 (42.5) | <0.001 | 6.087 (4.508, 8.218) |
Depressive symptomsa | ||||
 No | 2019 (81.8) | 448 (18.2) | – | 1.000 |
 Yes | 240 (39.1) | 374 (60.9) | <0.001 | 7.023 (5.798, 8.507) |
Negative life eventsb | 47.5 (16.2) | 65.0 (21.2) | <0.001 | 1.049 (1.044, 1.054) |
 Interpersonal relationships | 10.1 (4.4) | 14.1 (4.9) | <0.001 | 1.190 (1.168, 1.212) |
 Academic pressure | 10.4 (4.0) | 14.0 (4.8) | <0.001 | 1.206 (1.182, 1.230) |
 Being punished | 11.1 (4.6) | 15.2 (6.3) | <0.001 | 1.139 (1.122, 1.157) |
 Loss | 4.6 (2.6) | 6.3 (3.6) | <0.001 | 1.178 (1.149, 1.209) |
 Change for adaptation | 5.6 (2.1) | 7.6 (3.2) | <0.001 | 1.351 (1.305, 1.398) |
 Others | 5.6 (2.2) | 7.8 (3.6) | <0.001 | 1.306 (1.266, 1.347) |
Coping stylesb | ||||
 Positive coping style | 16.0 (8.3) | 15.8 (7.6) | 0.566 | 0.997 (0.987, 1.007) |
 Negative coping style | 6.2 (4.2) | 8.1 (4.7) | <0.001 | 1.099 (1.080, 1.119) |