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Table 4 Showing sub-group analysis of HBV prevalence by sample size, year of publication, regions of Africa, and HCWs professions in Africa

From: Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Prevalence of HBsAg

95% Confidence interval

Heterogeneity (I2%)

P-value

Sub-group analysis by sample size

1. < 101

11.33

6.17–16.50

76.0

P = 0.002

2. 101–384

5.57

4.31–6.83

85.7

P < 0.001

3. 385–1000

6.42

4.24–8.61

95.1

P < 0.001

4. > 1000

5.91

0.48–11.54

97.6

P < 0.001

Sub-group analysis by year of publication

1. < 2001

12.32

3.32–21.39

97.1

P < 0.001

2. 2001–2010

5.79

3.43–8.16

88.3

P < 0.001

3. 2011–2021

5.71

4.68–6.74

87.7

P < 0.001

Sub-group analysis by regions of Africa

1. North Africa

3.50

2.41–4.58

83.8

P < 0.001

2. East Africa

5.51

4.03–6.99

77.5

P < 0.001

3. Middle Africa

8.77

6.32–11.21

72.2

P = 0.003

4. Western Africa

11.69

8.21–15.17

91.8

P < 0.001

5. Southern Africa

2.90

1.04–4.99

-

-

Sub-group analysis by professions

1. Physician

6.30

3.54–9.07

81.8

P < 0.001

2. Nurses

6.31

4.23–8.40

84.5

P < 0.001

3. Laboratory staff

7.32

3.77–10.88

59.4

P = 0.003