Associations between handgrip strength and hypertension in relation to circulating CD34-positive cell levels among Japanese older men: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension in relation to handgrip strength stratified by circulating CD34-positive cell count

	Handgrip strength levels			p for trend	p (goodness of fit test)	1 SD increment of handgrip strength (kg)
	T1 (low)	T2	T3 (high)	p for trend	p (goodness of fit test)	1 SD increment of handgrip strength (kg)
High CD34-positive cell count (≥ 0.96 cells/μL)
No. of participants	37	49	43
No. of cases (%)	14 (37.8)	26 (53.1)	27 (62.8)
Age-adjusted ORs	1.00	1.87 (0.78, 4.46)	2.81 (1.13, 7.01)	0.027	0.659	1.78 (1.17, 2.71)
Multivariable ORs	1.00	2.20 (0.84, 5.73)	2.92 (1.08, 7.87)	0.037	0.950	1.85 (1.19, 2.88)
Low CD34-positive cell count (< 0.96 cells/μL)
No. of participants	49	39	40
No. of cases (%)	27 (55.1)	15 (38.5)	22 (55.0)
Age-adjusted ORs	1.00	0.49 (0.20, 1.19)	0.95 (0.39, 2.31)	0.878	0.864	1.00 (0.71, 1.41)
Multivariable ORs	1.00	0.38 (0.14, 1.03)	0.70 (0.24, 1.98)	0.476	0.858	0.91 (0.61, 1.37)
		Interaction*		P
Age-adjusted model		1.74 (1.03, 2.96)		0.039
Multivariable model		2.05 (1.17, 3.59)		0.012

Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Multivariable ORs: adjusted further for age and BMI, anti-hypertensive medication, HDLc, TG, γ-GTP, WBC, HbA1c, and GFR. BMI body mass index, HDLc HDL-cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, γ-GTP γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, WBC white blood cell, GFR glomerular filtration rate. Handgrip strength tertiles are as follows: < 37.0 kg for T1, 37.0–41.9 kg for T2, and ≥ 42.0 kg for T3.*The effect of interaction between circulating CD34-positive cell levels and handgrip strength (1 SD increment: 6.0kg) on hypertension

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