Hokkaido birth cohort study on environment and children’s health: cohort profile 2021

Table 5 Associations between environmental chemicals and the steroid and reproductive hormones at birth

Exposures	P4	T	E2	T/E2	SHBG	LH	FSH	Inhibin B	INSL3	Others	ref.
Prenatal
Dioxins (Male)	→	→	→	→	→	→	→	↓	→		[47]
OCPs (Both male and female)	→	↓	→	↑	↓	→	→	→	→	DHEA↑, T/androstenedione↓, prolactin↓	[48]
PFOS (Male)	↓	→	→	↓	→	→	→	↓	↓		[49, 50]
PFOA (Male)	→	→	→	→	→	→	→	↑	→	DHEA↓, cortisol↓, cortisone↓
PFOS (Female)	↓	→	→	→	↓	NIL	NIL	NIL	NIL	Prolactin ↓
PFOA (Female)	→	→	→	→	→	NIL	NIL	NIL	NIL	DHEA↑, cortisol↓, cortisone↓
DEHP (Male)	↓	→	→	↓	→	→	→	↓	↓		[17, 51]
DEHP (Both Male and female)	↓	→	→	→	→	→	→	→	→	Cortisol↓, cortisone↓, cortisol/cortisone↓, glucocorticoid/adrenal androgen↓, DHEA/androstenedione↑	[17, 51]
At birth
BPA in cord blood (Male)	↑	↑	→	→	→	→	→	→	→		[45]

↑/↓ Arrows indicate the following: ↓ inversely associated (p < 0.05); ↑ positively associated (p < 0.05); and → no significant association. NIL indicates not examined in the study due to low detection of hormones among females

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