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Table 5 Multivariate analysis of associations between frontline epidemic prevention experience and willingness to change dietary habits after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19

From: The willingness for dietary and behavioral changes in frontline epidemic prevention workers after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study

Intake frequency of dietary habitsa

Willingnessb

OR

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Salt intake

 High

Increase

2.824

2.341–3.405

< 0.001

Decrease

1.096

0.957–1.254

0.184

Uncertain

0.512

0.369–0.709

< 0.001

 Medium

Increase

2.047

1.859–2.255

< 0.001

Decrease

1.538

1.418–1.669

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.800

0.685–0.934

0.005

 Low

Increase

1.544

1.210–1.969

0.001

Decrease

1.737

1.480–2.039

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.204

0.893–1.622

0.223

 Total

Increase

2.114

1.952–2.289

< 0.001

Decrease

1.448

1.359–1.542

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.789

0.696–0.895

< 0.001

Intake frequency of fresh vegetables

 Every day

Increase

1.400

1.285–1.525

< 0.001

Decrease

1.407

1.166–1.698

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.698

0.540–0.901

0.006

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.650

1.456–1.869

< 0.001

Decrease

1.693

1.442–1.988

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.104

0.814–1.497

0.525

 2–3 days/week

Increase

1.385

1.146–1.673

0.001

Decrease

1.489

1.207–1.837

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.975

0.715–1.329

0.872

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

1.661

1.009–2.734

0.046

Decrease

1.659

0.988–2.787

0.055

Uncertain

1.041

0.587–1.844

0.891

 Total

Increase

1.526

1.436–1.622

< 0.001

Decrease

1.584

1.450–1.731

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.907

0.782–1.053

0.199

Intake frequency of fresh fruits

 Every day

Increase

1.359

1.237–1.493

< 0.001

Decrease

1.696

1.384–2.079

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.693

0.492–0.977

0.036

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.599

1.410–1.813

< 0.001

Decrease

1.986

1.696–2.327

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.001

0.750–1.337

0.994

 2–3 days/week

Increase

1.495

1.279–1.748

< 0.001

Decrease

1.806

1.514–2.155

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.983

0.747–1.295

0.905

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

1.794

1.213–2.653

0.003

Decrease

3.000

1.922–4.682

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.343

0.858–2.103

0.197

 Total

Increase

1.412

1.328–1.501

< 0.001

Decrease

1.694

1.555–1.846

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.820

0.708–0.950

0.008

Intake frequency of meat, eggs, milk, or dairy products

 Every day

Increase

1.696

1.521–1.891

< 0.001

Decrease

1.242

1.038–1.485

0.018

Uncertain

0.747

0.539–1.036

0.080

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.892

1.682–2.127

< 0.001

Decrease

1.717

1.491–1.977

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.011

0.771–1.3273

0.935

 2–3 days/week

Increase

1.468

1.277–1.688

< 0.001

Decrease

1.733

1.490–2.016

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.042

0.820–1.325

0.737

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

1.252

0.877–1.786

0.216

Decrease

1.862

1.291–2.685

0.001

Uncertain

1.232

0.828–1.834

0.303

 Total

Increase

1.615

1.518–1.719

< 0.001

Decrease

1.533

1.437–1.678

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.923

0.805–1.059

0.254

Intake frequency of fried foods

 Every day

Increase

1.566

1.271–1.931

< 0.001

Decrease

1.152

0.949–1.399

0.153

Uncertain

0.777

0.460–1.314

0.347

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.769

1.527–2.049

< 0.001

Decrease

1.191

1.031–1.376

0.018

Uncertain

1.154

0.834–1.595

0.388

 2–3 days/week

Increase

2.635

2.236–3.166

< 0.001

Decrease

1.486

1.293–1.707

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.123

0.869–1.451

0.377

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

1.957

1.502–2.548

< 0.001

Decrease

1.499

1.328–1.692

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.002

0.806–1.246

0.984

 Total

Increase

2.115

1.953–2.290

< 0.001

Decrease

1.246

1.167–1.330

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.881

0.768–1.010

0.069

Intake frequency of sugary foods

 Every day

Increase

1.683

1.424–1.988

< 0.001

Decrease

1.049

0.902–1.219

0.534

Uncertain

0.944

0.663–1.345

0.751

 4–6 days/week

Increase

2.273

1.974–2.617

< 0.001

Decrease

1.446

1.259–1.661

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.931

0.699–1.239

0.623

 2–3 days/week

Increase

2.332

2.009–2.708

< 0.001

Decrease

1.437

1.276–1.618

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.160

0.937–1.437

0.172

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

2.562

1.896–3.462

< 0.001

Decrease

1.553

1.307–1.845

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.028

0.801–1.319

0.830

 Total

Increase

2.134

1.967–2.304

< 0.001

Decrease

1.269

1.189–1.355

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.879

0.775–0.996

0.043

Intake frequency of pickled vegetables

 Every day

Increase

1.526

1.244–1.873

< 0.001

Decrease

1.073

0.888–1.297

0.465

Uncertain

0.946

0.621–1.441

0.795

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.730

1.489–2.010

< 0.001

Decrease

1.193

1.027–1.386

0.021

Uncertain

0.940

0.680–1.300

0.709

 2–3 days/week

Increase

1.869

1.597–2.188

< 0.001

Decrease

1.388

1.213–1.587

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.180

0.929–1.497

0.175

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

2.451

1.901–3.159

< 0.001

Decrease

1.601

1.416–1.811

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.072

0.887–1.297

0.470

 Total

Increase

2.026

1.873–2.191

< 0.001

Decrease

1.325

1.241–1.415

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.906

0.801–1.024

0.114

Intake frequency of processed meat products

 Every day

Increase

1.505

1.241–1.826

< 0.001

Decrease

1.170

0.973–1.407

0.095

Uncertain

0.759

0.478–1.207

0.244

 4–6 days/week

Increase

1.634

1.423–1.876

< 0.001

Decrease

1.095

0.953–1.259

0.200

Uncertain

0.914

0.686–1.219

0.542

 2–3 days/week

Increase

2.000

1.731–2.311

< 0.001

Decrease

1.402

1.240–1.584

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.032

0.825–1.291

0.784

 ≤ 1 day/week

Increase

1.616

1.233–2.117

0.001

Decrease

1.577

1.371–1.813

< 0.001

Uncertain

1.176

0.962–1.439

0.114

 Total

Increase

1.885

1.747–2.034

< 0.001

Decrease

1.234

1.156–1.318

< 0.001

Uncertain

0.855

0.756–0.956

0.011

  1. aBaseline intake frequency of dietary habits was regarded as a stratification factor
  2. bUnwillingness to change dietary habits was regarded as a reference group
  3. cFrontline epidemic prevention experience was classified into dichotomous variables in the models (regarding “have the frontline epidemic prevention experience” as 1, and “no frontline epidemic prevention experience” as 2), adjusting for other characteristic factors (gender, age, BMI, education level marital status, occupation, and main living place)
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Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

ISSN: 1347-4715

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