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Table 7 Conditional logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of allergic rhinitis with air pollutant concentrations, stratified by stress and gender

From: Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2–4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China

Pollutant

Quintile

Stressful family events

Gender

No, yes

Girls, boys

aOR (95% CI), aOR (95% CI) p-valuea

aOR (95% CI), aOR (95% CI) p-valuea

PM10

1

Reference, reference

Reference, reference

2

0.94 (0.81, 1.13), 1.70 (1.54, 1.92)

1.02 (0.83, 1.30), 1.41 (1.01, 1.77)

3

0.91 (0.71, 1.28), 1.63 (1.41, 1.87)

0.95 (0.74, 1.23), 1.38 (1.00, 1.65)

4

1.07 (0.86, 1.36), 1.80 (1.61, 2.02) 0.03

1.11 (0.93, 1.42), 1.49 (1.18, 1.82) 0.01

NO2

1

Reference, reference

Reference, reference

2

1.05 (0.84, 1.31) 1.89 (1.52, 2.13)

1.23 (1.04, 1.58), 1.51 (1.18, 1.95)

3

1.16 (0.93, 1.57) 1.90 (1.47, 2.25)

1.36 (1.17, 1.66), 1.78 (1.26, 2.20)

4

1.48 (1.03, 1.85) 1.98 (1.74, 2.43) 0.04

1.52 (1.21, 1.94), 2.10 (1.85, 2.55) 0.01

  1. 1 = below the 25th percentile, 2 = between the 25th and 50th percentiles, 3 = between the 50th and 75th percentiles, 4 = above the 75th percentile. Adjustment for all the potential covariates in Table 2 including personal factors (sex, birth weight, delivery, feeding, eczema, parental allergy, and stress) and indoor factors (tobacco smoke, new furniture, pets, house redecoration) except for the stratification variables
  2. ap-value of likelihood ratio test comparing model fit with and without inclusion of interaction terms