Table 2 Differences between user and non-user groups according to the type of medication

Age (years)

74.7 ± 5.5

72.3 ± 5.1

< 0.01

73.9 ± 5.6

73.1 ± 5.3

ns

73.6 ± 4.6

73.3 ± 5.5

ns

Height (cm)

164.0 ± 5.7

165.4 ± 5.9

< 0.01

165.0 ± 6.4

164.8 ± 5.6

ns

164.9 ± 5.7

164.8 ± 5.9

ns

Weight (kg)

64.5 ± 8.9

62.5 ± 8.2

< 0.01

64.7 ± 8.5

62.8 ± 8.5

0.02

64.2 ± 9.0

63.2 ± 8.5

ns

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.9 ± 2.7

22.8 ± 2.7

< 0.01

23.7 ± 2.4

23.1 ± 2.8

0.01

23.6 ± 3.0

23.2 ± 2.7

ns

Overweight, N (%)

79 (31)

72 (21)

< 0.01

46 (28)

105 (24)

ns

24(26)

127 (25)

ns

Underweight, N (%)

3 (1)

21 (6)

< 0.01

3 (2)

21 (5)

ns

3 (3)

21 (4)

ns

Waist circumference (cm)

87.3 ± 7.4

84.3 ± 7.8

< 0.01

87.0 ± 7.0

85.1 ± 8.0

< 0.01

86.8 ± 7.9

85.4 ± 7.7

ns

Whole-body fat (kg)

14.3 ± 4.6

12.1 ± 4.6

< 0.01

14.0 ± 4.5

12.6 ± 4.7

< 0.01

13.0 ± 5.1

13.0 ± 4.6

ns

Trunk fat (kg)

7.7 ± 2.9

6.2 ± 2.9

< 0.01

7.5 ± 2.8

6.6 ± 3.0

< 0.01

7.0 ± 3.1

6.8 ± 2.9

ns

Arm fat (kg)

1.5 ± 0.6

1.3 ± 0.5

< 0.01

1.5 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5

< 0.01

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.5

ns

Leg fat (kg)

4.3 ± 1.5

3.8 ± 1.4

< 0.01

4.2 ± 1.5

4.0 ± 1.5

0.03

3.9 ± 1.6

4.1 ± 1.5

ns

TAR

1.34 ± 0.37

1.21 ± 0.36

< 0.01

1.34 ± 0.36

1.23 ± 0.37

< 0.01

1.35 ± 0.42

1.25 ± 0.36

0.02

TLR

1.83 ± 0.58

1.63 ± 0.54

< 0.01

1.83 ± 0.56

1.67 ± 0.56

< 0.01

1.85 ± 0.65

1.69 ± 0.54

0.01

MET-minutes/week, median (25, 75%ile)

2118 (1188, 3801)

2502 (990, 4764)

ns

2070 (1097, 3792)

2337 (1017, 4632)

ns

1855 (1066, 3660)

2376 (1032, 4590)

ns

Current smoker, N (%)

23 (9)

33 (10)

ns

13 (8)

43 (10)

ns

12 (13)

44 (9)

ns

Alcohol intake (kcal/day)

92 ± 133

90 ± 141

ns

73 ± 111

97 ± 145

0.03

62 ± 93

96 ± 143

< 0.01

Energy intake (kcal/day)

1681 ± 330

1718 ± 295

ns

1679 ± 293

1712 ± 317

ns

1699 ± 350

1703 ± 303

ns

NaCl intake (g/day)

10.1 ± 1.8

10.0 ± 1.9

ns

10.0 ± 1.8

10.0 ± 1.9

ns

10.1 ± 1.8

10.0 ± 1.9

ns

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

140.0 ± 16.9

138.5 ± 18.2

ns

138.8 ± 17.4

139.3 ± 17.8

ns

134.8 ± 16.5

139.9 ± 17.8

0.01

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

77.8 ± 10.1

79.5 ± 10.4

0.04

77.4 ± 10.0

79.3 ± 10.4

0.04

73.5 ± 9.8

79.7 ± 10.1

< 0.01

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

110.9 ^×/_÷ 1.3

117.5 ^×/_÷ 1.3

0.01

107.0 ^×/_÷ 1.3

117.7 ^×/_÷ 1.3

< 0.01

104.3 ^×/_÷ 1.3

116.6 ^×/_÷ 1.3

< 0.01

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

58.8 ^×/_÷ 1.3

63.4 ^×/_÷ 1.3

< 0.01

59.1 ^×/_÷ 1.2

62.3 ^×/_÷ 1.3

0.01

58.7 ^×/_÷ 1.3

61.9 ^×/_÷ 1.3

0.04

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

195.6 ^×/_÷ 1.2

207.1 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

191.9 ^×/_÷ 1.2

206.2 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

188.1 ^×/_÷ 1.2

204.7 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

101.5 ^×/_÷ 1.6

93.7 ^×/_÷ 1.6

0.04

105.2 ^×/_÷ 1.6

93.9 ^×/_÷ 1.6

< 0.01

110.7 ^×/_÷ 1.6

94.7 ^×/_÷ 1.6

< 0.01

Hemoglobin A1c (%)

5.9 ^×/_÷ 1.1

5.9 ^×/_÷ 1.1

ns

6.0 ^×/_÷ 1.1

5.8 ^×/_÷ 1.1

< 0.01

6.8 ^×/_÷ 1.1

5.7 ^×/_÷ 1.1

< 0.01

Fasting serum insulin (mU/l)

4.8 ^×/_÷ 2.0

3.8 ^×/_÷ 1.9

< 0.01

4.9 ^×/_÷ 1.9

4.0 ^×/_÷ 2.0

< 0.01

7.3 ^×/_÷ 2.6

3.8 ^×/_÷ 1.8

< 0.01

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

104.3 ^×/_÷ 1.3

101.4 ^×/_÷ 1.2

ns

105.2 ^×/_÷ 1.3

101.7 ^×/_÷ 1.2

ns

135.1 ^×/_÷ 1.4

97.6 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

1.2 ^×/_÷ 2.4

1.0 ^×/_÷ 2.2

< 0.01

1.3 ^×/_÷ 2.2

1.0 ^×/_÷ 2.3

< 0.01

2.4 ^×/_÷ 3.2

0.9 ^×/_÷ 1.9

< 0.01

Aspartate aminotransferase (U/l)

Alanine aminotransferase (U/l)

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m²)