Table 1 Participant characteristics in the user group (use of one or more medication) and the non-user group

Age (years)

74.0 ± 5.4

72.4 ± 5.2

< 0.01

Height (cm)

164.6 ± 6.0

165.2 ± 5.6

ns

Weight (kg)

64.4 ± 8.6

61.9 ± 8.3

< 0.01

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.7 ± 2.7

22.7 ± 2.7

< 0.01

Overweight, N (%)

100 (29)

51 (20)

0.02

Underweight, N (%)

6 (2)

18 (7)

< 0.01

Waist circumference (cm)

86.9 ± 7.4

83.8 ± 7.9

< 0.01

Whole-body fat (kg)

13.9 ± 4.7

11.8 ± 4.4

< 0.01

Trunk fat (kg)

7.4 ± 3.0

6.1 ± 2.8

< 0.01

Arm fat (kg)

1.4 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5

< 0.01

Leg fat (kg)

4.2 ± 1.5

3.8 ± 1.4

< 0.01

TAR

1.31 ± 0.37

1.19 ± 0.36

< 0.01

TLR

1.79 ± 0.57

1.61 ± 0.54

< 0.01

MET-minutes/week, median (25, 75%ile)

2106 (1025, 4176)

2523 (1067, 4718)

ns

Current smoker, N (%)

32 (9)

24 (10)

ns

Alcohol intake (kcal/day)

86 ± 131

97 ± 146

ns

Energy intake (kcal/day)

1693 ± 320

1716 ± 296

ns

NaCl intake (g/day)

10.0 ± 1.8

10.1 ± 1.9

ns

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

138.9 ± 16.9

139.5 ± 18.8

ns

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

77.5 ± 9.9

80.5 ± 10.5

< 0.01

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

111.3 ^×/_÷ 1.3

119.4 ^×/_÷ 1.3

< 0.01

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

59.8 ^×/_÷ 1.3

63.6 ^×/_÷ 1.3

< 0.01

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

196.8 ^×/_÷1.2

209.6 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

100.7 ^×/_÷ 1.6

92.0 ^×/_÷ 1.6

0.02

Hemoglobin A1c (%)

6.0 ^×/_÷ 1.1

5.7 ^×/_÷ 1.1

< 0.01

Fasting serum insulin (mU/l)

4.8 ^×/_÷ 2.0

3.5 ^×/_÷ 1.8

< 0.01

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

106.1 ^×/_÷ 1.3

98.0 ^×/_÷ 1.2

< 0.01

1.3 ^×/_÷ 2.4

0.9 ^×/_÷ 2.0

< 0.01

Aspartate aminotransferase (U/l)

24.3 ^×/_÷ 1.3

24.1 ^×/_÷ 1.3

Alanine aminotransferase (U/l)

19.7 ^×/_÷ 1.5

19.1 ^×/_÷ 1.4

64.9 ± 14.3

69.9 ± 13.2