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Table 4 Slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII) in current smoking according to the SES indicators by survey year and sex

From: Time trends of socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent smoking in Okinawa, Japan, 2008–2016: a repeated cross-sectional study

 

2008

2012

2016

P for trend c

Boys

Parental education

 Crude SII (95%CI)

14.2

(7.7, 20.6)

4.5

(-0.7, 9.8)

2.5

(−1.5, 6.6)

0.005

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

14.8

(8.3, 21.3)

4.6

(-1.1, 10.4)b

3.1

(−0.4, 6.6)

0.004

 Crude RII (95%CI)

3.56

(1.89, 6.71)

1.96

(0.92, 4.17)

1.80

(0.71, 4.54)

0.180

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

3.60

(1.91, 6.79)

1.87

(0.88, 3.99)

1.82

(0.72, 4.58)

0.187

Family structure

 Crude SII (95%CI)

13.2

(4.2, 22.1)

7.5

(0.4, 14.5)

3.6

(−2.0, 9.1)

0.066

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

13.2

(4.3, 22.1)

7.5

(0.4, 14.7)b

3.3

(−1.8, 8.4)

0.076

 Crude RII (95%CI)

2.76

(1.48, 5.16)

2.51

(1.14, 5.55)

2.04

(0.74, 5.62)

0.625

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

2.76

(1.48, 5.15)

2.55

(1.16, 5.62)

2.16

(0.79, 5.94)

0.685

School type

 Crude SII (95%CI)

9.9

(2.0, 17.8)

17.1

(10.2, 24.0)

15.0

(8.9, 21.2)

0.449

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

10.6

(2.4, 18.9)

17.1

(10.3, 24.0)b

14.7

(8.6, 20.9)b

0.362b

 Crude RII (95%CI)

2.27

(1.22, 4.24)

8.72

(3.86, 19.74)

17.48

(6.24, 48.96)

<0.001

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

2.42

(1.29, 4.54)

8.70

(3.86, 19.62)

16.54

(5.91, 46.30)

<0.001

Girls

Parental education

 Crude SII (95%CI)

6.4

(1.9, 10.8)

3.9

(1.0, 6.7)

3.3

(1.0, 5.6)

0.170

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

5.8

(1.4, 10.2)

4.3

(1.0, 7.6)b

3.4

(0.9, 6.0)b

0.210b

 Crude RII (95%CI)

3.37

(1.44, 7.89)

5.62

(1.6, 19.75)

7.70

(1.51, 39.23)

0.314

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

3.31

(1.41, 7.75)

5.23

(1.5, 18.23)

7.87

(1.54, 40.31)

0.309

Family structure

 Crude SII (95%CI)

11.8

(5.0, 18.6)

8.6

(3.7, 13.4)

2.9

(−0.6, 6.3)

0.006

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

11.9

(5.2, 18.6)

8.9

(3.9, 13.9)b

3.1

(−0.2, 6.4)

0.019b

 Crude RII (95%CI)

5.25

(2.30, 12.02)

13.38

(4.00, 44.76)

3.88

(0.89, 16.81)

0.931

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

5.32

(2.33, 12.18)

14.12

(4.23, 47.14)

4.13

(0.95, 17.92)

0.899

School type

 Crude SII (95%CI)

6.4

(0.3, 12.6)

6.3

(1.5, 11.1)

5.2

(1.6, 8.8)

0.587

 Adjusted SII (95%CI)a

5.6

(-0.7, 11.9)

6.4

(1.6, 11.1)b

5.4

(1.8, 8.9)

0.716b

 Crude RII (95%CI)

2.64

(1.12, 6.20)

6.71

(1.98, 22.68)

12.26

(2.61, 57.58)

0.054

 Adjusted RII (95%CI)a

2.58

(1.09, 6.07)

6.88

(2.03, 23.26)

11.85

(2.52, 55.64)

0.058

  1. SII slope index of inequality (%), RII relative index of inequality, CI confidence interval
  2. aAdjusted for grade and region
  3. bGeneralized linear model with normal distribution and identify link function
  4. cWald test of the interaction term between each SES indicator (ridit score) and survey year