PM2.5 exposure and DLEC1 promoter methylation in Taiwan Biobank participants

Table 3 Multiple linear regression showing the association between PM_2.5 and DLEC1 promoter methylation based on regular outdoor exercise habits

Variables	No regular outdoor exercise		Regular outdoor exercise
Variables	β(× 10⁻³)	p value	β(× 10⁻³)	p value
PM_2.5	0.012	0.880	0.237	0.007
SO₂	0.251	0.535	0.505	0.357
CO	1.250	0.890	− 25.170	0.033
O₃	0.345	0.224	− 0.607	0.078
NO_X	0.045	0.771	0.203	0.314
Sex (reference: Women)
Men	1.220	0.322	− 0.897	0.567
Age	− 0.212	< 0.001	− 0.144	0.042
Cigarette smoking (reference: Never)
Former	0.613	0.761	2.210	0.256
Current	3.050	0.104	0.412	0.880
Alcohol drinking (reference: Never)
Former	− 4.540	0.186	0.435	0.910
Current	1.580	0.527	2.670	0.295
Betel nut chewing (reference: Never)
Former	− 1.650	0.586	− 0.137	0.975
Current	− 1.430	0.695	− 0.009	0.084
BMI (reference: Normal)
Underweight	− 0.352	0.884	− 8.510	0.119
Overweight	− 1.310	0.340	1.130	0.446
Obesity	1.160	0.428	3.870	0.029
Secondhand smoke exposure (reference: No)
Yes	− 1.990	0.241	3.790	0.152
Outdoor exercise*PM_2.5		p value = 0.036

DLEC1 Deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1, PM Particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 microns, SO₂ Sulfur dioxide, CO Carbon monoxide, O₃ Ozone, NOx Nitrogen oxides, BMI Body mass index, PM_2.5*Exercise interaction between PM_2.5 and exercise

ISSN: 1347-4715