Table 2 Subgroup meta-analysis, blood and body fluid exposure among healthcare workers in Ethiopia, 2007–2020
Prevalence type | Variables category | Subgroup | Number of studies included | Sample size | Prevalence (95% CI) | Heterogeneity across the studies | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I2 (%) | P value | ||||||
Lifetime prevalence | Region | Addis Ababa | 9 | 2473 | 53.00 (44.47-61.53) | 94.7 | < 0.001 |
Oromia | 6 | 2095 | 53.26 (44.03-62.49) | 94.6 | < 0.001 | ||
Amhara | 5 | 1652 | 66.17 (53.86-78.47) | 96.9 | < 0.001 | ||
SNNP | 4 | 1416 | 54.35 (28.38-80.31) | 99.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Harari | 1 | 484 | 28.80 (24.76-32.84) | Â | Â | ||
Type of healthcare facility | Hospital | 15 | 3945 | 55.13 (46.64-63.63) | 97.0 | < 0.001 | |
Hospital and health centers | 9 | 3814 | 55.50 (43.15-67.84) | 98.5 | < 0.001 | ||
Health center | 1 | 361 | 47.40 (42.25-52.55) | Â | Â | ||
Publication year | 2007-2014 | 8 | 2605 | 51.64 (37.70-65.57) | 98.3 | < 0.001 | |
2015-2020 | 17 | 5515 | 56.56 (49.44-63.68) | 96.8 | < 0.001 | ||
Sample size | ≥ 300 | 13 | 5612 | 54.51 (44.13-64.89) | 98.6 | < 0.001 | |
< 300 | 12 | 2508 | 55.51 (48.75-62.27) | 92.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Sampling technique | Probability | 20 | 7052 | 54.45 (46.66-62.23) | 98.0 | < 0.001 | |
Non-probability | 5 | 1068 | 57.02 (45.74-68.29) | 93.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Risk of bias | Low | 21 | 7303 | 53.81 (46.27-61.35) | 97.9 | < 0.001 | |
Moderate | 4 | 817 | 61.27 (52.38-70.16) | 85.2 | < 0.001 | ||
A 12-month prevalence | Region | Addis Ababa | 9 | 2353 | 39.09 (28.66-49.52) | 96.8 | < 0.001 |
Oromia | 2 | 624 | 44.19 (40.29-48.09) | 0.0 | 0.644 | ||
Amhara | 7 | 2250 | 48.69 (35.53-61.85) | 97.8 | < 0.001 | ||
Tigray | 1 | 483 | 60.20 (55.83-64.57) | Â | Â | ||
SNNP | 2 | 1119 | 55.89 (36.58-75.19) | 97.8 | < 0.001 | ||
Harari | 2 | 734 | 31.86 (8.73-54.98) | Â | Â | ||
Type of healthcare facility | Hospital | 13 | 3454 | 45.19 (38.55-51.83) | 94.5 | < 0.001 | |
Hospital and health centers | 9 | 3748 | 43.24 (28.72-57.77) | 99.0 | < 0.001 | ||
Health center | 1 | 361 | 40.20 (35.14-45.26) | Â | Â | ||
Publication year | 2007-2014 | 12 | 3684 | 47.21 (36.50-57.92) | 98.0 | < 0.001 | |
2015-2020 | 11 | 3879 | 41.04 (30.63-51.45) | 98.0 | < 0.001 | ||
Sample size | ≥ 300 | 11 | 4722 | 43.32 (31.52-55.12) | 98.8 | < 0.001 | |
< 300 | 12 | 2635 | 45.03 (37.47-52.59) | 94.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Sampling technique | Probability | 22 | 7417 | 44.97 (37.50-52.44) | 98.0 | < 0.001 | |
Non-probability | 1 | 146 | 27.90 (20.63-35.17) | Â | Â | ||
Risk of bias | Low | 22 | 7417 | 44.97 (37.50-52.44) | 98.0 | < 0.001 | |
Moderate | 1 | 146 | 27.90 (20.63-35.17) | Â | Â | ||