Table 2 Cumulative incidence rate and incidence density of colorectal cancer according to the progression of metabolic syndrome in women

1,016,532

1,320,685

332,269

2,669,486

2119

3827

1493

7439

2.1

2.9

4.5

2.8

2.2

3.1

4.8

3.0

Age

44,462

24,310

1909

70,681

29

14

1

44

0.7

0.6

0.5

< 0.001

0.6

< 0.001

0.7

0.6

0.6

< 0.001

0.7

< 0.001

40–49

355,151

277,454

33,864

666,469

363

323

46

732

1.0

1.2

1.4

< 0.001

1.1

1.1

1.3

1.5

< 0.001

1.2

50–59

424,813

555,494

114,030

1,094,337

1030

1464

416

2910

2.4

2.6

3.6

< 0.001

2.7

2.6

2.8

3.9

< 0.001

2.9

60–69

192,106

463,427

182,466

837,999

697

2026

1030

3753

3.6

4.4

5.6

< 0.001

4.5

3.9

4.7

6.0

< 0.001

4.8

Smoking

958,586

1,249,613

312,149

2,520,348

1,997

3581

1393

6971

2.1

2.9

4.5

< 0.001

2.8

< 0.001

2.2

3.1

4.8

< 0.001

3.0

< 0.001

Ex-smoker

20,223

21,067

5,102

46,392

45

69

23

137

2.2

3.3

4.5

< 0.001

3.0

2.4

3.5

4.8

< 0.001

3.2

Smoker

31,594

42,661

13,015

87,270

71

155

68

294

2.2

3.6

5.2

< 0.001

3.4

2.4

3.9

5.6

< 0.001

3.6

Alcohol consumption

695,610

956,081

255,189

1,906,880

1,460

2792

1167

5419

2.1

2.9

4.6

< 0.001

2.8

< 0.001

2.3

3.1

4.9

< 0.001

3.0

< 0.001

2–3/per month

267,878

291,847

58,767

618,492

549

816

245

1610

2.0

2.8

4.2

< 0.001

2.6

2.2

3.0

4.5

< 0.001

2.8

1–4/per week

30,509

41,508

9,949

81,966

76

132

42

250

2.5

3.2

4.2

< 0.001

3.1

2.7

3.4

4.5

< 0.001

3.3

5/per week

8,547

13,865

3,936

26,348

18

42

17

77

2.1

3.0

4.3

< 0.001

2.9

2.3

3.3

4.6

< 0.001

3.1

Physical exercise,

per week

529,972

692,901

179,742

1,402,615

1092

1998

781

3871

2.1

2.9

4.3

< 0.001

2.8

< 0.001

2.2

3.1

4.7

< 0.001

3.0

< 0.001

191,856

241,698

59,221

492,775

412

721

270

1403

2.1

3.0

4.6

< 0.001

2.8

2.3

3.2

4.9

< 0.001

3.1

288,778

379,098

91,511

759,387

611

1092

432

2135

2.1

2.9

4.7

< 0.001

2.8

2.3

3.1

5.1

< 0.001

3.0

FHx of cancer

554,083

725,060

189,415

1,468,558

1,103

2069

854

4026

2.0

2.9

4.5

< 0.001

2.7

< 0.001

2.1

3.1

4.8

< 0.001

2.9

< 0.001

121,122

147,564

34,493

303,179

297

441

174

912

2.5

3.0

5.0

< 0.001

3.0

2.6

3.2

5.4

< 0.001

3.2

Height

(cm)

<154

264,445

431,540

124,997

820,982

628

1419

613

2657

2.4

1.5

4.9

< 0.001

3.2

< 0.001

2.5

3.5

5.2

< 0.001

3.5

< 0.001

154–156

210,014

285,243

73,169

568,426

458

873

360

1691

2.7

4.0

5.7

< 0.001

4.1

2.3

3.3

5.3

< 0.001

3.2

157–160

285,846

344,154

80,677

710,677

606

946

302

1854

2.1

3.2

4.9

< 0.001

3.3

2.3

2.9

4.0

< 0.001

2.8

≥ 161

256,227

259,748

53,426

569,401

427

589

218

1234

1.8

2.6

3.7

< 0.001

2.7

1.8

2.4

4.4

< 0.001

2.3

Weight (kg)

< 52

413,406

340,565

29,049

783,020

770

943

121

1834

1.9

2.3

4.2

< 0.001

2.3

< 0.001

2.0

3.0

4.5

< 0.001

2.5

<0.001

52–55

255,743

285,512

38,948

580,203

542

806

174

1522

2.1

1.9

4.5

< 0.001

2.6

2.3

3.0

4.8

< 0.001

2.8

56–61

245,247

375,870

83,951

705,068

578

1127

377

2082

2.4

1.5

4.5

< 0.001

3.0

2.5

3.2

4.8

< 0.001

3.2

≥ 62

102,136

318,738

180,321

601,195

229

951

821

2001

2.2

0.7

4.6

< 0.001

3.3

2.4

3.2

4.9

< 0.001

3.6

BMI (kg/m²)

69,872

34,585

1,015

105,472

113

69

4

186

1.6

3.3

3.9

< 0.001

1.8

< 0.001

1.7

2.1

4.3

< 0.001

1.9

< 0.001

18.5–22.9

650,264

583,930

51,625

1,285,819

1,270

1518

203

2991

2.0

2.2

3.9

< 0.001

2.3

2.1

2.8

4.2

< 0.001

2.5

23.0-24.9

199,271

340,173

69,405

608,849

488

1055

309

1852

2.4

1.4

4.5

< 0.001

3.0

2.6

3.3

4.8

< 0.001

3.3

25.0–29.9

95,519

328,761

164,397

588,677

242

1083

770

2095

2.5

0.7

4.7

< 0.001

3.6

2.7

3.5

5.0

< 0.001

3.8

≥ 30.0

1,606

33,236

45,827

80,669

6

102

207

315

3.7

0.2

4.5

< 0.001

3.9

4.0

3.3

4.8

< 0.001

4.2

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

297,122

339,711

56,297

693,130

506

699

218

1423

1.7

1.5

3.9

< 0.001

2.1

< 0.001

1.8

2.2

4.2

< 0.001

2.2

< 0.001

171-192

285,233

308,510

65,401

659,144

528

852

289

1669

1.9

1.7

4.4

< 0.001

2.5

2.0

3.0

4.7

< 0.001

2.7

193–217

250,903

323,283

84,889

659,075

598

1033

382

2013

2.4

1.8

4.5

< 0.001

3.1

2.6

3.4

4.8

< 0.001

3.3

≥ 218

183,274

349,181

125,682

658,137

487

1243

604

2334

2.7

1.4

4.8

< 0.001

3.5

2.8

3.8

5.2

< 0.001

3.8

ALT (IU/L)

414,706

370,487

39,262

824,455

752

884

158

1794

1.8

2.0

4.0

< 0.001

2.2

< 0.001

1.9

2.6

4.3

< 0.001

2.3

< 0.001

13–15

219,168

259,979

43,677

522,824

453

754

183

1390

2.1

1.7

4.2

< 0.001

2.7

2.2

3.1

4.5

< 0.001

2.8

16-21

230,941

354,345

88,877

674,163

554

1094

407

2055

2.4

1.6

4.6

< 0.001

3.0

2.6

3.3

4.9

< 0.001

3.3

≥ 22

151,717

335,874

160,453

648,044

360

1095

745

2200

2.4

1.1

4.6

< 0.001

3.4

2.5

3.5

5.0

< 0.001

3.6

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

> 10

986,791

1,281,381

325,615

2,593,787

2,060

3742

1464

7266

2.1

1.6

4.5

< 0.001

2.8

< 0.001

2.2

3.1

4.8

< 0.001

3.0

< 0.001

8–10

25,669

32,557

5,620

63,846

51

74

25

150

2.0

1.6

4.4

< 0.001

2.3

2.1

2.4

4.8

< 0.001

2.5

< 8

4,005

6,650

1,005

11,660

8

11

4

23

2.0

1.2

4.0

< 0.001

2.0

2.1

1.8

4.3

< 0.001

2.1

Serum creatinine

(mg/dL)

≤ 1.5

999,732

1,298,976

326,608

2,625,316

2,090

3774

1466

7330

2.1

1.6

4.5

< 0.001

2.8

< 0.001

2.2

3.1

4.8

< 0.001

3.0

< 0.001

> 1.5

16,732

21,632

5,649

44,013

29

53

27

109

1.7

1.3

4.8

< 0.001

2.5

1.9

2.6

5.1

< 0.001

2.7