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Table 2 Arsenic and heavy metal concentrations (μg L−1) of drinking water samples collected in this study and comparison of elemental concentrations with other studies and water standard

From: Health risk assessments of arsenic and toxic heavy metal exposure in drinking water in northeast Iran

Heavy metals

As

Hg

Pb

Cr

Ni

In this study (n = 140)

     

 North

0.18 ± 0.058

NA

0.65 ± 0.25

4. 58 ± 6.11

1.49 ± 0.88

 South

0.17 ± 0.042

NA

0.65 ± 0.99

5.41 ± 3.91

0.77 ± 0.46

 East

0.17 ± 0.060

NA

0.52 ± 0.12

5.84 ± 8.61

0.83 ± 0.67

 West

0.23 ± 0.08

0.03 ± 0.08

0.67 ± 0.32

3.98 ± 2.72

3.59 ± 4.31

 Center

0.17 ± 0.045

0.04 ± 0.02

0.60 ± 0.12

4.91 ± 6.33

1.79 ± 0.915

Other cities

 Ahvaz* [1]

5.80 ± 1.63

2.8 ± 0.3

21.1 ± 4.4

5.3 ± 3.6

 Tehran** [2]

2.3 ± 0.76

0.52 ± 0.03

4.5 ± 0.49

Other countries

 Australia [3]

0.64 ± 0.1

5.21 ± 1.43

4.43 ± 1.21

7.93 ± 2.4

 China [4]

0.07 ± 0.25

5.06 ± 1.73

2.84 ± 0.76

 Thailand [5, 6]

1.06 ± 1.74

0.10 ± 0.13

16.7 ± 18.5

0.58 ± 0.52

6.13 ± 4.38

 India [7]

32 ± 5.6

0.76 ± 0.32

46.2 ± 12.56

28.3 ± 4.9

34.6 ± 14.17

 Malaysia [8]

2.51 ± 0.65

0.11 ± 0.0.6

5.18 ± 1.04

2.19 ± 0.93

5.63 ± 1.67

Standards

 WHO [9]

10

6

10

50

70

 EPA [6]

10

2

15

100

20

 Local standard in Irana [10]

10

6

10

50

70

  1. NA lower then detection limit
  2. *It is a city in the Southwest of Iran and the capital of Khuzestan province
  3. **Capital of Iran
  4. aIt was set by Iranian Ministry of Health