Table 1 Hookah apparatus components and their use
From: The effects of hookah/waterpipe smoking on general health and the cardiovascular system
Component | Usage/properties |
|---|---|
Water jar (base) | Glass container that is filled with water; however, other liquids might be used (milk, fruit juices, or even alcohol). |
Pipe (body, stem) | Metallic tube extending from the bowl to the base (partially immersed in water). |
Bowl (head) | Carries (10–20 g) of tobacco. |
Saucer | Holds charcoal ashes. |
Accessories [3] | |
Filter | A device that can be placed on the tip of the hose, marketed with claims that it reduces exposure to nicotine and tar. |
Mouthpiece (extension) | A short plastic tip fitted into the hose as an extension to it. |
Aluminum foil | Used as a membrane between tobacco (beneath it) and the charcoal (above it). |
Charcoal | Special type of charcoal round pellets that is easily lit [212] (made from wood, coconut shell, or other material). |
Tobacco | Marketed in two forms: moassel (fruit-flavored tobacco, pliable, and moist) and ajami (unflavored tobacco). Steam stones (heat-treated materials soaked with glycerin) are new “healthy” tobacco alternatives which are released [213]. |