|
Household characteristics
|
EDHS 2005, n (%)
|
EDHS 2011, n (%)
|
EDHS 2016, n (%)
|
|---|
|
Education status of head
|
No education
|
9236 (67.5)
|
9526 (57.2)
|
9083 (54.7)
|
|
Primary
|
2943 (21.5)
|
5325 (32.0)
|
5028 (30.3)
|
|
Secondary
|
1214 (8.9)
|
896 (5.4)
|
1324 (8.0)
|
|
Higher
|
287 (2.1)
|
910 (5.5)
|
1168 (7.0)
|
|
Wealth status
|
Poorest
|
2754 (20.1)
|
3208 (19.2)
|
3202 (19.2)
|
|
Poorer
|
2838 (20.7)
|
3219 (19.3)
|
3203 (19.2)
|
|
Middle
|
2668 (19.5)
|
3091 (18.5)
|
3121 (18.8)
|
|
Higher
|
2529 (18.4)
|
3067 (18.4)
|
3084 (18.5)
|
|
Highest
|
2923 (21.3)
|
4102 (24.6)
|
4040 (34.3)
|
|
Sex of household head
|
Male
|
10,594(77.3)
|
12,335 (73.9)
|
12,426 (74.6)
|
|
Female
|
3117 (22.7)
|
4352 (26.1)
|
4224 (25.4)
|
|
Person fetching water
|
Adult woman
|
10,209 (81.4)
|
10,404 (71.3)
|
9612 (72.2)
|
|
Adult man
|
806 (6.4)
|
1277 (8.8)
|
1193 (9.0)
|
|
Female below 15 years old
|
1113 (8.9)
|
2065 (14.1)
|
1726 (13.0)
|
|
Male below 15 years old
|
329 (2.6)
|
701 (4.8)
|
576 (4.3)
|
|
Other
|
85 (0.7)
|
154 (1.0)
|
204 (1.5)
|
|
Radio ownership
|
No
|
9090 (66.3)
|
9917 (59.4)
|
11,952 (71.8)
|
|
Yes
|
4617 (33.7)
|
6767 (40.6)
|
4698 (28.2)
|
|
Television ownership
|
No
|
13,039 (95.1)
|
14,947 (89.6)
|
14,354 (86.2)
|
|
Yes
|
668 (4.9)
|
1730 (10.4)
|
2296 (13.8)
|
|
Residency
|
Rural
|
11,741 (85.6)
|
12,915 (77.4)
|
13,266 (79.7)
|
|
Urban
|
1970 (14.4)
|
3772 (22.6)
|
3384 (20.3)
|
|
Water sources
|
Unimproved sources
|
8185 (59.7)
|
7730 (46.3)
|
5857 (35.2)
|
|
Improved sources
|
5526 (40.3)
|
8957 (53.7)
|
10,793 (64.8)
|
|
Distance of water sources
|
Water on premises
|
1147 (8.4)
|
2075 (12.4)
|
3339 (20.1)
|
|
< 30 min (round trip)
|
6076 (44.3)
|
5774 (34.6)
|
5871 (35.3)
|
|
≥ 30 min (round trip)
|
6489 (47.3)
|
8838 (53.0)
|
7440 (44.7)
|
- Households with unknown response to the water distance were categorized into > 30 min in all three surveys; therefore, column total may not be equal to national reports
