Table 1 The characteristics of the studied population
|  | Boys | Girls | p †|
|---|---|---|---|
Number (N (%)) | 679 (49.4%) | 695 (50.6%) | Â |
Age (average (SD)) | 10.72 (2.61) | 10.69 (2.65) | 0.843 |
Body mass index (BMI) categories (N (%)) | |||
 Underweight | 39 (5.7%) | 55 (7.9%) | < 0.001 |
 Normal weight | 484 (71.3%) | 545 (78.4%) |  |
 Overweight | 156 (23.0%) | 95 (13.7%) |  |
Physical activity (N (%)) | |||
 < 1 h | 324 (48.5%) | 424 (62.2%) | < 0.001 |
 1–3 h | 284 (42.5%) | 221 (32.4%) |  |
 > 3 h | 60 (9.0%) | 37 (5.4%) |  |
Television (TV) viewing time (N (%)) | |||
 < 2 h | 390 (58.6%) | 388 (56.6%) | 0.456 |
 > 2 h | 275 (41.4%) | 297 (43.4%) |  |
Personal computer (PC) using (N (%)) | |||
 Non-user | 441 (66.3%) | 454 (66.4%) | 0.982 |
 User | 224 (33.7%) | 230 (33.6%) |  |
Mobile phone (MP) using (N (%)) | |||
 Non-user | 509 (76.7%) | 465 (68.1%) | < 0.001 |
 User | 155 (23.3%) | 218 (31.9%) |  |
Nutrients intake (average (SD)) | |||
 Energy (kcal) | 1953.04 (669.45) | 1676.75 (568.94) | < 0.001 |
 Protein (%E) | 13.95 (2.31) | 14.22 (2.28) | 0.027 |
 Fat (%E) | 27.82 (5.30) | 29.10 (5.13) | < 0.001 |
 Carbohydrate (%E) | 56.61 (6.57) | 55.30 (6.32) | < 0.001 |
 Saturated fatty acids (%E) | 9.17 (2.20) | 9.55 (2.22) | 0.002 |
 n-3 fatty acids (%E) | 1.03 (0.29) | 1.07 (0.29) | 0.010 |
 n-6 fatty acids (%E) | 4.88 (1.15) | 5.14 (1.08) | < 0.001 |
 Sodium (mg/1000 kcal) | 2279.26 (537.76) | 2418.16 (541.57) | < 0.001 |
 Potassium (mg/1000 kcal) | 1171.14 (276.87) | 1237.82 (267.08) | < 0.001 |
 Calcium (mg/1000 kcal) | 353.40 (113.29) | 363.69 (97.47) | 0.071 |
 Iron (mg/1000 kcal) | 3.54 (0.73) | 3.81 (0.73) | < 0.001 |
 Vitamin D (μg/1000 kcal) | 5.01 (2.90) | 5.08 (2.87) | 0.674 |
 Vitamin K (μg/1000 kcal) | 106.18 (52.75) | 115.91 (55.07) | 0.001 |
 Vitamin B-1 (mg/1000 kcal) | 0.40 (0.07) | 0.41 (0.08) | 0.016 |
 Vitamin B-2 (mg/1000 kcal) | 0.70 (0.19) | 0.73 (0.16) | 0.003 |
 Folic acid (μg/1000 kcal) | 141.11 (44.77) | 154.88 (44.64) | < 0.001 |
 Vitamin C (mg/1000 kcal) | 49.85 (22.18) | 55.24 (22.78) | < 0.001 |
 Cholesterol (mg/1000 kcal) | 165.89 (54.26) | 181.55 (61.06) | < 0.001 |
 Total dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal) | 5.33 (1.34) | 5.77 (1.32) | < 0.001 |