| Number | Report | Crude HR | 95% CI | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | |||||
 | 759 | 76 (10.0) |  |  |  |
Child characteristics | |||||
 Age |  |  | 0.90 | [0.85, 0.95] | < .001 |
 Sex | |||||
  Female | 355 | 38 (10.7) | 1.15 | [0.73, 1.80] | 0.554 |
 Behavior problems | 386 | 43 (11.1) | 1.30 | [0.83, 2.05] | 0.250 |
Family characteristics | |||||
 Ethnicity | |||||
  Non-Japanese | 57 | 7 (12.3) | 1.22 | [0.56, 2.65] | 0.622 |
 Caregiver divorce | 638 | 71 (11.1) | 2.50 | [1.01, 6.20] | 0.048 |
 Parents | |||||
  Biological | 153 | 17 (11.1) | 1.00 | [ref.] |  |
  Step | 108 | 12 (11.1) | 1.03 | [0.49, 2.16] | 0.934 |
  Single | 446 | 45 (10.1) | 0.91 | [0.52, 1.59] | 0.747 |
  Other | 45 | 1 (2.2) | 0.19 | [0.03, 1.46] | 0.111 |
 Number of siblings |  |  | 0.97 | [0.84, 1.13] | 0.740 |
 Receiving public assistance | 234 | 23 (9.8) | 0.90 | [0.55, 1.47] | 0.673 |
Household dysfunction | |||||
 Interparental violence | 354 | 45 (12.7) | 1.74 | [1.10, 2.74] | 0.018 |
 Mental health problem | 330 | 42 (12.7) | 1.67 | [1.06, 2.63] | 0.026 |
 Substance abuse | 171 | 28 (16.4) | 2.13 | [1.34, 3.40] | 0.001 |
History of maltreatment | |||||
 Physical abuse | 437 | 59 (13.5) | 2.71 | [1.58, 4.65] | < .001 |
 Emotional abuse | 545 | 67 (12.3) | 3.08 | [1.54, 6.17] | 0.002 |
 Sexual abuse | 79 | 4 (5.1) | 0.48 | [0.17, 1.31] | 0.149 |
 Neglect | 483 | 63 (13.0) | 2.92 | [1.61, 5.31] | < .001 |
CGC case characteristic | |||||
 Amount of prior CGC involvement |  |  | 0.93 | [0.84, 1.02] | 0.106 |
 Duration of temporary custody |  |  | 1.00 | [0.99, 1.00] | 0.258 |
 Post-temporary custody service | |||||
  Out-of-home | 239 | 8 (3.3) | 0.21 | [0.11, 0.40] | < .001 |