Table 3 Gender-specific for comparison of environmental factors between HTs and controls (N = 3990)
Variables | Males (M ± SD) | Females (M ± SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HTs (n = 614) | Controls (n = 1228) | P valuea | HTs (n = 715) | Controls (n = 1433) | P valuea | |
Social adjustment status | ||||||
 Emotional adaptation | 17.2 ± 3.9 | 17.7 ± 3.6 | 0.012 | 17.1 ± 3.6 | 17.8 ± 3.3 | < 0.001 |
 Social adaptation | 16.9 ± 4.0 | 17.1 ± 3.5 | 0.239 | 17.0 ± 3.4 | 17.5 ± 3.3 | 0.003 |
 Study and life adaptation | 13.0 ± 3.9 | 13.1 ± 3.5 | 0.532 | 12.8 ± 3.5 | 13.5 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 |
School environment status | ||||||
 Teacher-student relationship | ||||||
  Intimacy | 18.4 ± 5.4 | 18.9 ± 5.3 | 0.047 | 18.3 ± 4.9 | 19.1 ± 4.9 | 0.001 |
  Support | 13.2 ± 3.8 | 14.1 ± 3.6 | < 0.001 | 13.3 ± 3.6 | 14.3 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 |
  Satisfaction | 14.6 ± 3.6 | 15.5 ± 3.3 | < 0.001 | 14.7 ± 3.1 | 15.4 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
  Conflict | 16.2 ± 6.0 | 15.8 ± 6.0 | 0.137 | 14.7 ± 5.6 | 13.7 ± 5.1 | < 0.001 |
 Peer relationship | ||||||
  Social emotion | 22.1 ± 5.9 | 22.8 ± 5.2 | 0.014 | 22.8 ± 5.4 | 23.0 ± 4.5 | 0.374 |
  Interpersonal interaction | 18.6 ± 5.5 | 18.9 ± 4.7 | 0.197 | 19.0 ± 4.7 | 18.9 ± 4.0 | 0.740 |
  Interpersonal harmony | 22.6 ± 6.6 | 23.0 ± 5.8 | 0.182 | 23.3 ± 6.1 | 23.3 ± 5.4 | 0.965 |
Family environment status | ||||||
 Relationships dimensions | ||||||
  Cohesion | 6.1 ± 1.9 | 6.8 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 | 6.4 ± 2.2 | 7.1 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
  Expressiveness | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 0.007 | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 5.4 ± 1.6 | 0.022 |
  Conflict | 3.6 ± 2.1 | 3.0 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 | 3.5 ± 2.0 | 2.9 ± 1.9 | < 0.001 |
 Personal growth dimensions | ||||||
  Independence | 4.8 ± 1.7 | 5.2 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 | 4.7 ± 1.6 | 5.1 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
  Achievement orientation | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 5.8 ± 1.7 | < 0.001 | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 5.6 ± 1.7 | < 0.001 |
  Intellectual-cultural orientation | 4.0 ± 1.8 | 4.3 ± 1.9 | 0.010 | 4.3 ± 1.7 | 4.4 ± 1.9 | 0.777 |
  Active-recreational orientation | 4.6 ± 1.9 | 4.7 ± 2.0 | 0.408 | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 0.044 |
  Moral-religious emphasis | 5.2 ± 1.5 | 5.5 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 | 5.5 ± 1.5 | 5.8 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
 System maintenance dimensions | ||||||
  Organization | 5.7 ± 1.7 | 6.0 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 | 5.8 ± 2.9 | 6.2 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 |
  Control | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | 0.056 | 4.2 ± 1.9 | 4.2 ± 1.9 | 0.770 |
HADS-A score | 5.9 ± 2.4 | 3.5 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 | 7.8 ± 2.8 | 3.8 ± 2.3 | < 0.001 |
HADS-D score | 4.1 ± 2.0 | 3.9 ± 2.1 | 0.065 | 7.2 ± 2.6 | 3.6 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 |