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Table 1 The characteristics of the study subjects based on lung function

From: Comorbidities according to airflow limitation severity: data from comprehensive health examination in Japan

Total (n = 12,705)

Normal

(n = 11,785)

AL

p Value

Mild

(n = 469)

Moderate-to-very severe (n = 451)

Men

(n = 6,010)

Women

(n = 5,775)

Men

(n = 257)

Women

(212)

Men

(n = 394)

Women

(n = 57)

Men

Women

Age, yr

56.4 (9.8)

55.1 (9.6)

63.0 (10.5)**

57.4 (10.6)**

59.7 (11.0)**##

55.4 (12.1)

<0.001

0.002

Height, cm

167.7 (6.2)

155.6 (5.7)

166.2 (6.5)**

155.6 (5.4)

167.8 (6.4)##

156.3 (7.0)

<0.001

0.626

Weight, kg

66.9 (9.7)

53.6 (8.4)

64.5 (8.8)**

54.2 (8.3)

66.3 (9.8)

52.7 (7.9)

<0.001

0.457

Abdominal circumference, cm

85.4 (7.8)

81.0 (8.9)

84.4 (6.9)

82.7 (7.8)*

85.7 (8.2)

80.5 (8.4)

0.122

0.023

BMI, kg/m2

23.7 (2.9)

22.1 (3.3)

23.3 (2.7)

22.4 (3.0)

23.5 (3.0)

21.6 (2.8)

0.03

0.243

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

121.1 (16.8)

118.3 (17.8)

123.2 (18.9)

123.6 (18.4)**

125.8 (18.3)**

125.9 (18.0)*

<0.001

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

76.2 (11.9)

72.8 (11.9)

75.1 (11.6)

75.4 (12.7)*

(74.8 (12.1)

72.0 (10.3)

0.032

0.006

Smoking status, n (%)

 Never smokers

1,995 (33.2)

5,216 (90.3)

71 (27.6)

192 (90.6)

(81 (20.5)

51 (89.5)

  

 Former smokers

2,298 (38.2)

257 (4.5)

(116 (45.1)

9 (4.2)

(165 (41.9)

4 (7.0)

  

 Current smokers

1,717 (28.6)

302 (5.2)

(70 (27.3)

11 (5.2)

148 (37.6)

2 (3.5)

<0.001

0.881

 Pack-years

18.3 (20.1)

1.2 (4.7)

24.4 (24.4)**

1.9 (7.6)

28.6 (25.9)**#

1.3 (4.2)

<0.001

0.081

Lung function

 FVC, mL

4,029.0 (642.6)

3,280.0 (776.8)

4,227.6 (645.7)**

3,490.5 (787.2)**

3,242.4 (618.9)**##

2,306.0 (468.6)**##

<0.001

<0.001

 FEV1, mL

3,226.1 (519.0)

2,645.3 (628.8)

2,789.2 (445.5)**

2,275.7 (506.7)**

2,023.2 (444.8)**##

1,427.0 (308.2)**##

<0.001

<0.001

 FEV1/FVC, %

80.2 (5.2)

80.8 (5.3)

66.0 (3.3)**

65.4 (3.8)**

62.3 (6.8)**##

62.0 (6.7)**##

<0.001

<0.001

 FEV1 % predicted, %

98.8 (14.0)

120.8 (29.2)

92.3 (11.7)**

105.7 (19.9)

63.8 (00312.4)**##

65.1 (12.1)**##

<0.001

<0.001

Laboratory data

 Fasting glucose, mg/dL

102.2 (19.5)

97.9 (17.5)

104.2 (19.2)

100.1 (18.7)

104.2 (22.3)

97.3 (15.3)

0.053

0.03

 Triglycerides, mg/dL (interquartile range)

106.0 (74–157.0)

86.0 (63.0–127.0)

109.0 (82.5–162.5)

102.0 (71.0–141.8)

102.0 (75.0–147.0)

91.0 (68.5–115.5)

0.222

0.001

 HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

61.7 (16.3)

68.7 (17.0)

61.6 (19.9)

66.9 (16.8)

61.5 (15.6)

73.2 (19.7)#

0.961

0.04

 LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

119.3 (28.7)

119.2 (28.9)

116.8 (28.2)

119.6 (28.5)

116.7 (28.0)

111.7 (27.6)

0.09

0.15

 White blood cell count,/μL

5,573.0 (1538.1)

5,227.3 (1454.6)

5,946.7 (1744.1)*

5,638.2 (1661.7)**

5,842.9 (1576.5)*

5,157.9 (1235.5)

<0.001

<0.001

  1. Data are expressed as means (standard deviation), median (interquartile range), or as number (n) (percentage)
  2. Airflow limitation (AL) was difined as FEV1/FVC < 0.7
  3. Pack years = (number of cigareetes smoked per day × number of year smoked)/20
  4. BMI body mass index, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in one second, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, hsCRP hypersensitivity C-reactive protein
  5. * p < 0.05 compared with normal lung function
  6. # p < 0.05 compared with mild airflow limitation
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Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

ISSN: 1347-4715

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