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Table 9 Comparison of 4-month-old infant development according to family composition

From: Promoting factors of physical and mental development in early infancy: a comparison of preterm delivery/low birth weight infants and term infants

Development item (KIDS)

Family composition

p value

Siblings

p value

Post hoc

Nuclear family (n = 247)

Extended family (n = 38)

Nonea (n = 141)

<4 yearsb (n = 108)

≥5 yearsc (n = 35)

Motor score

10.0 [2–13]

10.0 [4–13]

0.503

10.0 [2–13]

10.0 [4–13]

10.0 [6–13]

0.656

 

Motor skills

11.0 [5–14]

10.0 [6–14]

0.898

11.0 [6–14]

10.0 [5–14]

11.0 [7–14]

0.001

a and b***, b and c*

Language comprehension

7.0 [1–8]

6.0 [3–8]

0.485

7.0 [1–8]

7.0 [2–8]

7.0 [3–8]

0.187

 

Verbalization

6.0 [2–8]

7.0 [2–8]

0.750

6.0 [3–8]

6.0 [2–8]

7.0 [4–8]

0.001

a and b**, b and c**

Sociability with adults

13.0 [6–19]

13.0 [6–17]

0.341

13.0 [6–19]

12.0 [6–19]

13.0 [9–18]

0.002

a and b**, b and c**

Diet

4.0 [0–7]

4.0 [2–7]

0.145

4.0 [0–7]

4.0 [1–7]

4.0 [2–7]

0.671

 
  1. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  2. Data are presented as the median with the range in square brackets
  3. Siblings
  4. aNone (a child without a sibling)
  5. b<4 years (sibling of 4 years or younger)
  6. c≥5 years (sibling of 5 years and upward)