Association between maternal antenatal depression and infant development: a hospital-based prospective cohort study

Table 4 Infant development (BSID-II, MDI and PDI) in relation to antenatal and postnatal maternal depression (EPDS)

Maternal characteristics	n	Antenatal EPDS^a		MDI^b		PDI^b
Maternal characteristics	n	Mean ± SD	p	Mean ± SD	p	Mean ± SD	p
Antenatal EPDS
Total score^c				r = −0.15	0.057	r = −0.1	0.881
≤8^d	145			90.88 ± 5.71	0.756	90.06 ± 10.51	0.841
≥9	9			90.44 ± 3.92		91.33 ± 12.57
Postnatal EPDS at 1 month
Total score^c		r = 0.48	<0.000	r = −0.16	0.679	r = −0.03	0.216
≤8^d	133	1.88 ± 2.54	<0.000	90.96 ± 5.80	0.302	89.71 ± 10.68	0.798
≥9	21	5.86 ± 4.30		90.19 ± 4.33		92.81 ± 9.94

EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, MDI Mental Development Index, PDI Psychomotor Development Index
^aMaternal antenatal depression between the second and the third trimesters (23–35 gestational weeks)
^bInfant mental and psychomotor development at 6 months (from 5 months and 16 days to 6 months and 15 days after birth); Statistical analyses
^cSpearman correlation
^dMann–Whitney U test

ISSN: 1347-4715