In vivo modulation of iNOS pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma by Nigella sativa

Table 1 Serum alpha-fetoprotein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 levels in all rat groups

Group^a	Serum alpha-fetoprotein (ng/ml)	Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/ml)	Serum interleukin-6 (pg/ml)
Normal control	6.3 ± 0.56	18.5 ± 2.30	40.8 ± 4.63
NSEE control	7.2 ± 0.63 ns	19.2 ± 3.17 ns	43.1 ± 4.81 ns
Cancer control	61.5 ± 4.63*	75.6 ± 8.43*	120.4 ± 11.12*
NSEE-DENA	20.7 ± 4.1^§	34.3 ± 5.85^§	71.3 ± 11.73^§

Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 8)
Significant difference between groups was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, where: * P < 0.001 compared to normal control group, ^§ P < 0.001 compared to cancer control group; ns, non significant (P > 0.05) compared to normal control group
^aSee Materials and methods subsection Experimental design for a detailed description of the animal groups

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