Table 1 General characteristics of the study sample
From: Assessing willingness to pay for improved sanitation in rural Vietnam
Characteristics | Hoang Tay, n (%) | Nhat Tan, n (%) | Both communes, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 190 (100) | 180 (100) | 370 (100) |
Gender of the head of household | |||
 Male | 79 (41.6) | 81 (45.0) | 160 (43.2) |
 Female | 111 (58.4) | 99 (55.0) | 210 (56.8) |
Age of the head of household (years) | |||
 <24 | 6 (3.2) | 14 (7.8) | 20 (5.4) |
 25–34 | 36 (18.9) | 40 (22.2) | 76 (20.5) |
 35–44 | 39 (20.5) | 36 (20.0) | 75 (20.3) |
 45–54 | 60 (31.6) | 51 (28.3) | 111 (30.0) |
 55–64 | 30 (15.8) | 29 (16.1) | 59 (15.9) |
 65+ | 19 (10.0) | 10 (5.6) | 29 (7.8) |
Education of the head of household | |||
 Primary | 79 (41.6) | 102 (56.7) | 181 (48.9) |
 Secondary | 95 (50.0) | 67 (37.2) | 162 (43.8) |
 Tertiary and higher | 16 (8.4) | 11 (6.1) | 27 (7.3) |
Occupation of the head of household | |||
 Farmer | 151 (79.5) | 107 (59.4) | 258 (69.7) |
 Non-farmer | 39 (20.5) | 73 (40.6) | 112 (30.3) |
Household size | |||
 <5 members | 151 (70.5) | 130 (72.2) | 281 (75.9) |
 ≥5 members | 39 (20.5) | 50 (27.8) | 89 (24.1) |
Having children aged <6Â years | |||
 Yes | 33 (17.4) | 45 (25.0) | 78 (21.1) |
 No | 157 (82.6) | 135 (75.0) | 292 (78.9) |
Having people aged ≥60 years | |||
 Yes | 63 (33.2) | 42 (23.3) | 105 (28.4) |
 No | 127 (66.8) | 138 (76.7) | 265 (71.6) |
Main sources of water | |||
 Tap water | 1 (0.5) | 18 (10.0) | 19 (5.1) |
 Rain, well water | 189 (99.5) | 162 (90.0) | 351 (94.9) |
Current toilet | |||
 Double vault toilet | 41 (21.6) | 16 (8.9) | 57 (15.4) |
 Single vault toilet | 128 (67.4) | 155 (86.1) | 283 (76.5) |
 No toilet | 21 (11.0) | 9 (5.0) | 30 (8.1) |
Dissatisfaction with the current toilet | |||
 Yes | 159 (83.7) | 138 (76.7) | 297 (80.3) |
 No | 31 (16.3) | 42 (23.3) | 73 (19.7) |
Economic status of household | |||
 Poor | 30 (15.8) | 12 (6.7) | 42 (11.4) |
 Non-poor | 160 (84.2) | 168 (93.3) | 328 (88.6) |
Knowledge of health impacts of poor sanitation | |||
 Poor | 185 (97.4) | 145 (80.6) | 330 (89.2) |
 Better | 5 (2.6) | 35 (19.4) | 40 (10.8) |