Long-term administration of the fungus toxin, sterigmatocystin, induces intestinal metaplasia and increases the proliferative activity of PCNA, p53, and MDM2 in the gastric mucosa of aged Mongolian gerbils

Table 2 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index (LI), p53 positive index (PI), and MDM2 LI in the ST-administered groups

Group	n	PCNA LI (%)^a	P53 PI (%)^b	MDM2 LI (%)^b
Non-treated control	11	15.3 ± 6.7	0 ± 0.1	0 ± 0
ST (100 ppb) administration	7	29.6^c ± 12.7	4.0^d ± 4.4	2.1^d ± 2.7
ST (1,000 ppb) administration	13	29.7^c ± 13.9	5.5^d ± 4.7	1.7^d ± 1.5

^aThe results represent the mean ± SD. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test
^bThe results represent the mean ± SD. The data were analyzed by Mann–Whitney’s U-test adjusted by the Bonferroni method
^cP < 0.05 compared with the non-treated control group
^dP < 0.01 compared with the non-treated control group

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