Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study subjects in relation to the development of hypertension
Baseline characteristics | Total (n = 2,278) | Incident hypertension | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 2,127) | Yes (n = 151) | |||
Age, years (n) | 46 ± 6 | 46 ± 6 | 48 ± 5 | <0.01 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 2.8 | 23.1 ± 2.9 | 25.4 ± 3.3 | <0.001 |
Smoking (n, %) | 1,164 (51.1%) | 1,097 (51.6%) | 67 (44.4%) | 0.09 |
Alcohol (n, %) | 1,640 (72.0%) | 1,519 (71.4%) | 121 (80.1%) | <0.05 |
Exercise (≥1/week) (n, %) | 1,035 (45.4%) | 949 (44.6%) | 86 (57.0%) | <0.01 |
Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 40 (1.8%) | 31 (1.5%) | 9 (6.0%) | <0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 88 (3.9%) | 69 (3.2%) | 19 (12.6%) | <0.001 |
Family history of hypertension (n, %) | 317 (13.9%) | 291 (13.7%) | 26 (17.2%) | 0.23 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 61 ± 10 | 61 ± 10 | 62 ± 10 | 0.06 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117 ± 9 | 116 ± 9 | 127 ± 7 | <0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 7 | 73 ± 7 | 82 ± 5 | <0.001 |
baPWV (cm/s) | 1,301 ± 142 | 1,293 ± 137 | 1,412 ± 168 | <0.001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 127 ± 31 | 127 ± 31 | 126 ± 32 | 0.68 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 56 ± 14 | 56 ± 14 | 54 ± 15 | 0.09 |
Triglyceridea (mg/dL) | 104 (73–150) | 103 (73–149) | 115 (86–169) | <0.01 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 93 ± 17 | 93 ± 16 | 100 ± 23 | <0.001 |