Perception of anesthesia safety and postoperative symptoms of surgery patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a pioneering trial of postoperative care assessment in a developing nation

Soejima, Kumiko; Goto, Aya; Vu, Phan Ton Ngoc; Bien, Le Huu Thien; Vinh, Nguyen Quang; Minh, Pham Nghiem; Deshpande, Gautam A.; Yasumura, Seiji; Fukao, Akira

doi:10.1007/s12199-010-0148-z

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

Table 3 Factors associated with the five main outcomes according to the logistic regression analysis

From: Perception of anesthesia safety and postoperative symptoms of surgery patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a pioneering trial of postoperative care assessment in a developing nation

Main outcomes	Significant factors	Proportion of the outcome (%)	Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals)
Main outcomes	Significant factors	Proportion of the outcome (%)	Bivariate	Multivariate^a
Perception of anesthesia as being less safe^b	Perioperative adverse effects^e
	Yes	63/117 (53.8)	1.00	1.00
	No	42/58 (72.4)	2.25 (1.14–4.45)	6.10 (1.43–26.04)*
	Satisfaction with preoperative anesthesia education
	Strongly agree	13/75 (17.3)	1.00	1.00
	Do not strongly agree^f	92/100 (92.0)	54.8 (21.47–140.08)	15.03 (4.65–48.55)*
	Having good communication with medical staff
	Strongly agree	25/85 (29.4)	1.00	1.00
	Do not strongly agree^f	80/90 (88.9)	19.20 (8.57–43.00)	2.61 (0.76–8.93)
	Having good interaction with family before and after surgery
	Strongly agree	6/56 (10.7)	1.00	1.00
	Do not strongly agree^f	99/119 (83.2)	41.25 (15.58–109.21)	21.80 (5.15–92.42)*
Having ≥3 postoperative symptoms	Duration of surgery
	<3 h	44/87 (50.6)	1.00	–
	≧3 h	61/91 (67.0)	2.00 (1.08–3.64)	–
Severe pain^c at 2 h post-surgery	Sex
	Female	14/80 (17.5)	1.00	1.00
	Male	31/100 (31.0)	2.12 (1.04–4.33)	2.08 (1.00–4.29)*
	Type of surgical procedures
	Laparoscopic surgery	5/45 (11.1)	1.00	1.00
	Open surgery	40/135 (29.6)	3.39 (1.24–9.16)	3.30 (1.21–9.05)*
No reduction^d in pain after surgery	Sex
	Female	48/79 (60.8)	1.00	–
	Male	42/99 (42.4)	0.48 (0.26–0.87)	–
Feeling pain equal to or more than expected	Amount of blood loss
	<100 ml	23/66 (34.8)	1.00	1.00
	≧100 ml	59/112 (52.7)	1.04 (1.01–1.07)	1.04 (1.01–1.07)*
	Having good communication with medical staff
	Strongly agree	33/86 (38.4)	1.00	1.00
	Do not strongly agree^f	49/92 (53.3)	1.83 (1.01–3.33)	1.90 (1.03–3.49)*

Fifteen items of sociodemographic characteristics and surgical and anesthetic factors were entered into the analysis of having three or more postoperative symptoms. In the analyses of the other four outcomes, five additional variables of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ views were entered
OR Odds ratio, CI confidence interval
* p < 0.05
^aMultiple logistic regression analysis entering all significant factors in the bivariate logistic regression analysis
^b“Agree” was categorized as ‘feeling less safe’ as opposed to “strongly agree”, and the other three categories of “neutral”, “disagree”, and “strongly disagree” were excluded
^c“Severe pain” includes the upper three scores out of six-level face scale scores
^d“No reduction” includes worsened and no change in pain between 2 and 24 h post-surgery
^ePerioperative adverse effects include cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and other adverse effects
^fCategory includes “agree”, “neutral”, “disagree”, and “strongly disagree”

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