Table 1 Cancer caused by infectious agents (adapted and modified from the IARC [4])
Infectious agents | IARC classificationa | Cancer site | Number of cancer cases | Percentage of cancer cases worldwide |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bacterium | ||||
 Helicobacter pylori | 1 | Stomach | 490,000 | 5.4 |
Viruses | ||||
 HPVb | ||||
  High-risk types | 1 | Cervix and other sites | 550,000 | 6.1 |
  Low-risk types | 2B | |||
 HBV and HCV | 1 | Liver | 390,000 | 4.3 |
 EBV | 1 | Lymphoma | 99,000 | 1.1 |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | ||||
 HHV-8 | 2A | Kaposi sarcoma | 54,000 | 0.6 |
 HTLV-1 | 1 | Leukemia | 9,000 | 0.1 |
Parasites | ||||
 Schistosoma haematobium | 1 | Bladder | 2,700 | 0.1 |
 Liver flukes | ||||
  Opisthorchis viverrini | 1 | Intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts | 800 |  |
  Clonorchis sinensis | 2A | |||
Total infection-related cancers | Â | Â | 1,600,000 | 17.7 |
Total cancers (1995) | Â | Â | 9,000,000 | 100 |