Table 2 Mean (± SD) and prevalence of characteristics stratified by number of frequently selected health-promoting components of lifestyle among 305 middle-aged women in Tadami Town, Fukushima, Japan, 2007

Age (years, Mean ± S.D.)

55.4 ± 6.1

55.4 ± 6.4

23.3 ± 3.6

54.6 ± 6.2

55.7 ± 7.2

0.944

Body mass index (kg/m², mean ± SD)

22.5 ± 2.8

22.9 ± 2.8

23.6

23.2 ± 3.7

22.9 ± 3.1

0.555

Osteosonic index (10⁶, mean ± SD)

2.484 ± 0.317

2.402 ± 0.261

2.503 ± 0.254

2.532 ± 0.227

2.477 ± 0.272

0.225

Prevalence of subjects with low bone stiffness^a (%)

53.7

59.2

40.3

28.3

45.6

0.031

Frequently selected, health-promoting components of lifestyle^b

 Health responsibility (%)

0

2.8

4.2

17.0

55.9

<0.001

 Spiritual growth (%)

0

1.4

12.5

35.8

88.2

<0.001

 Physical activity (%)

0

0

0

0

22.1

<0.001

 Interpersonal relationships (%)

0

36.6

87.5

96.2

100

<0.001

 Nutrition (%)

0

46.5

69.4

83.0

94.1

<0.001

 Stress management (%)

0

12.7

26.4

67.9

89.7

<0.001

Habits

 Current smoker (%)

4.9

14.1

9.7

1.9

5.9

0.219

 Current drinker (%)

36.6

33.8

38.9

30.2

25.0

0.154

Disease status^c

 Hypertension (%)

14.6

9.9

15.3

3.8

26.5

0.096

 Dyslipidemia (%)

12.2

8.5

9.7

9.4

16.2

0.348

 Diabetes mellitus (%)

0

0

4.2

1.9

8.8

0.005