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Table 2 Findings from the literature review of physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku

From: The physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing): evidence from field experiments in 24 forests across Japan

Authors

Stimuli versus control

Results of Shinrin-yoku

Park et al. (2008) [17]

FV versus UV

Decreased PR and SC

Enhanced HF

Tsunetsugu et al. (2007) [19]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased PR, SBP, DBP, SC, and LF/(LF + HF)

Enhanced HF

Park et al. (2007) [13]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased SC and TH

Furuhashi et al. (2007) [40]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased PR, SBP, DBP, SC, and LF/(LF + HF)

Enhanced HF

Tsunetsugu et al. (2006) [18]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased SC and IgA

Park et al. (2006a) [15]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased LF/(LF + HF)

Enhanced HF

Park et al. (2006b) [16]

FW versus UW or FV versus UV

Decreased SC and IgA

Yamaguchi et al. (2006) [41]

FV versus UV or FV versus UV

Decreased SAA

Ohtsuka et al. (1998) [25]

FW versus Non FW

Decreased BG

  1. HF, HF of HRV; LF/(LF + HF), LF/(LF + HF) of HRV; LF/HF, LF/HF of HRV
  2. PR pulse rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SC salivary cortisol, IgA salivary immunoglobulin A concentration, SAA salivary amylase activity, BG blood glucose, TH total hemoglobin concentration in prefrontal areas, FW forest walking group, FV forest viewing group, UW urban walking group, UV urban viewing group