Association between daily physical activity and neighborhood environments

Kondo, Kanae; Lee, Jung Su; Kawakubo, Kiyoshi; Kataoka, Yusuke; Asami, Yasushi; Mori, Katsumi; Umezaki, Masahiro; Yamauchi, Taro; Takagi, Hirofumi; Sunagawa, Hiroshi; Akabayashi, Akira

doi:10.1007/s12199-009-0081-1

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

Table 3 Comparison of daily physical activities between the high and the low scoring group according to each perception score of the neighborhood environment using the ANEWS and by sex

From: Association between daily physical activity and neighborhood environments

Characteristics of neighborhoods/physical activities	Male subjects				Female subjects
	High scoring group^a		Low scoring group^b		High scoring group^a		Low scoring group^b
	n	Measurement	n	Measurement	n	Measurement	n	Measurement
Total walking steps using an accelerometer (steps/day)
Residential density	25	8249 ± 993	28	9182 ± 937	37	9032 ± 484	22	8307 ± 629
Land use mix-diversity	28	9449 ± 924	25	7949 ± 979	29	9304 ± 539	30	8238 ± 530
Land use mix-access	29	9450 ± 897	24	7889 ± 986	36	8612 ± 491	23	8996 ± 615
Street connectivity	22	9937 ± 1035	31	7894 ± 868	34	8515 ± 505	25	9097 ± 589
Walking places	36	9117 ± 811	17	7946 ± 1180	31	9488 ± 511	28	7957 ± 538*
Aesthetics	34	9286 ± 831	19	7768 ± 1113	35	9161 ± 495	24	8180 ± 600
Safety	35	9315 ± 819	18	7627 ± 1146	29	9057 ± 546	30	8477 ± 537
Walking time for leisure using the IPAQ (min/day)
Residential density	34	12.7 ± 6.4	33	10.5 ± 6.5	48	1.9 ± 1.0	35	0.6 ± 1.2
Land use mix-diversity	34	15.7 ± 6.4	33	7.5 ± 6.5	41	2.2 ± 1.1	42	0.5 ± 1.1
Land use mix-access	35	5.5 ± 6.2	32	18.3 ± 6.5		–		–
Street connectivity	28	14.7 ± 7.1	39	9.5 ± 6.0		–		–
Walking places	44	11.5 ± 5.7	23	11.9 ± 7.8	44	1.9 ± 1.1	39	0.7 ± 1.1
Aesthetics	37	20.6 ± 6.0	30	0.6 ± 6.7*		–		–
Safety	42	13.0 ± 5.8	25	9.4 ± 7.5	44	1.2 ± 1.1	39	1.5 ± 1.1
Cycling time for transport using the IPAQ (min/day)
Residential density	34	3.7 ± 1.7	33	3.0 ± 1.7	48	6.0 ± 3.4	35	11.5 ± 3.9
Land use mix-diversity	33	4.2 ± 1.7	33	2.5 ± 1.7	41	10.9 ± 3.6	42	5.8 ± 3.6
Land use mix-access	34	4.0 ± 1.7	32	2.7 ± 1.7	47	12.2 ± 3.3	36	3.1 ± 3.8
Street connectivity	27	5.6 ± 1.9	39	1.8 ± 1.6	45	11.4 ± 3.5	38	4.7 ± 3.8
Walking places	44	4.3 ± 1.5	22	1.4 ± 2.1	44	10.6 ± 3.5	39	5.7 ± 3.7
Aesthetics	36	3.6 ± 1.7	30	3.1 ± 1.8	51	8.4 ± 3.3	32	8.2 ± 4.2
Safety	41	2.5 ± 1.5	25	4.8 ± 2.0	44	9.4 ± 3.5	39	7.0 ± 3.7

Data are adjusted mean ± SE. There were no females who walked for leisure in the low scoring groups for land use mix-access, street connectivity, and aesthetics
* P < 0.05; ANCOVA adjusting for age
^aHigh scoring group, subjects with environment scores of the ANEWS equal to and above the median
^bLow scoring group, subjects with environment scores of the ANEWS below the median

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