Exposure assessment of phthalate esters in Japanese pregnant women by using urinary metabolite analysis

Table 3 Daily phthalate intake levels in 50 pregnant women and comparison with TDI of EFSA and the daily intake levels in pregnant women of Swan et al. [8]

Phthalate diesters	Urinary metabolite	Daily intake (μg/kg per day)				TDI (μg/kg per day)	Swan et al. [8]
Phthalate diesters	Urinary metabolite	Min	Median	Max	GM	TDI (μg/kg per day)	Median (μg/kg per day)
DEHP	MEHP	0.005	2.20	29.0	1.99	50	2.37
DEHP	MEOHP	0.400	1.10	16.8	1.33	50	2.00
DEHP	MEHHP	0.554	1.90	27.9	2.20	50	1.33
DEHP^a	3 metabolites	0.62	1.73	24.6	1.94	50	1.70
DMP	MMP	0.061	0.229	20.1	0.285	–	–
DEP	MEP	0.037	0.280	42.6	0.324	–	5.32^b
DnBP	MnBP	0.362	2.18	6.91	2.19	10	0.67^b
BBzP	MBzP	0.021	0.132	3.20	0.173	500	0.35^b
DINP	MINP	0.018	0.056	4.38	0.071	–	–
DnOP	MnOP	0.007	0.026	0.135	0.011	–	–

DMP dimethyl phthalate, DEP diethyl phthalate, DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate, BBzP butylbenzyl phthalate, DEHP di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, DINP di-isononyl phthalate, DnOP di-n-octyl phthalate
^aThe value was based on mean values of DEHP intake from the three DEHP metabolite concentrations for each subject
^bThese diesters were statistically significant with reduced AGI in the Swan et al. [8] study and calculated by Marsee et al. [41]
References: TDI for DBP [28], DEHP [29], and BBzP [30]

ISSN: 1347-4715