Development of a questionnaire to assess ‘Hie’ symptoms using an evidence-based analysis

Takeuchi, Takeaki; Nakao, Mutsuhiro; Kohno, Michitaka; Hatano, Minoru; Niimi, Masanori; Yano, Eiji

doi:10.1007/s12199-008-0050-0

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

Table 3 Results of the factor analysis for the draft of the Hie questionnaire

From: Development of a questionnaire to assess ‘Hie’ symptoms using an evidence-based analysis

Questions	Factor loadings
Questions	1	2	3	4
2. Severity of Hie	0.77	0.08	−0.25	−0.10
3. Frequency of Hie	0.78	0.06	−0.19	−0.04
4. Disability in daily living caused by Hie	0.68	0.08	−0.25	−0.03
5. Hie with numbness	0.37	0.02	−0.67	0.00
6. Hie with pricking feeling	0.38	−0.01	−0.63	0.04
7. Hie with breezed feeling	*0.64*	0.07	0.02	−0.03
8. Hie with shivery feeling	*0.62*	0.11	−0.17	−0.03
9. Hie with pain	0.36	0.02	−0.51	0.04
10. Hie with swelling	0.52	0.03	−0.13	−0.01
11. History of hyperperspiration	−0.10	0.29	0.01	0.63
12. Heat tolerance	−0.18	0.34	−0.06	*0.64*
13. Sensitivity to cold	*0.45*	0.20	−0.05	−0.31
14. Hie-like sensation in an airplane cabin	*0.66*	0.10	−0.14	−0.14
15. Reluctance to use tap water (cold water)	0.41	0.13	−0.14	−0.20
16. Reluctance to use air conditioning in summer	*0.43*	0.12	0.03	−0.22
17. Use of gloves or socks for Hie protection	*0.65*	0.05	−0.07	−0.12
18. Use of additional layers of clothing	*0.62*	0.08	−0.03	−0.12
19. Requirement of foot bathing for Hie protection	0.50	0.11	−0.03	−0.18
20. Use of an electric blanket while sleeping	*0.55*	0.17	−0.14	−0.08
21. Requirement of heating devices in winter	*0.63*	0.14	−0.11	−0.17
22. Dislike skiing or skating because of the cold	0.30	0.17	−0.07	−0.21
23. Practising Seiza or Agura	0.09	0.03	0.02	0.13
24. Feeling good when sleeping with raised legs	0.24	−0.02	0.11	0.12
25. Relief from Hie after playing sports	0.34	−0.16	0.29	0.21
26. Relief from Hie after performing relaxing exercises	0.43	−0.11	0.30	0.16
27. Dislike of cold drinks and foods	0.34	0.22	−0.03	−0.43
28. Dislike of vegetables	0.07	0.17	−0.11	−0.33
29. Reaction to room temperature different from others	0.14	0.80	0.01	0.13
30. Reaction to air temperature different from others	0.13	0.78	−0.03	0.06
31. Use of a personal heater at one’s workplace	0.33	0.18	−0.12	−0.16

Eigenvalue was set above 1 (factor 1 = 7.6, factor 2 = 1.8, factor 3 = 1.2, factor 4 = 1.1), and the cumulative contribution rate was 91% in the analysis. The numbers in bold are the main loading value of each item. The numbers in bold + italics are the main loading values of the ten selected items. The Hie (yes or no) question was excluded from the analysis because it was a dichotomous question

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