Table 2 Depressive (mood/affective) disorders and suicide risk
From: Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies
Author, published year (reference no.) | Country | No. of cases/controls | Age class, proportion of male (%) | Source of controls | Diagnosis | OR (95% CI)a | Diagnostic criteria |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lesage et al. 1994 [16]c | Canada | 75/75 | Young, 100 | Community | Major depression and depression NOS | 15.53 (4.95–63.34) | DSM-III-R |
Gould et al. 1996 [17] | US | 120/147 | Young, 79 | Community | Mood disorders | 10.00 (4.14–27.47) | DSM-III |
Vijayakumar et al. 1999 [19] | India | 100/100 | All, 55 | Community | Mood disorders | 10.78 (3.08–57.27) | DSM-III-R |
Appleby et al. 1999 [20] | UK | 84/64 | Young, 81 | GP lists | Major affective disorders | 18.42 (2.73–777) | ICD-10 |
Foster et al. 1999 [21] | Ireland | 117/117 | All, 79 | GP lists (deceased) | Depressive disorders | 8.80 (3.63–24.26) | DSM-III-R |
Harwood et al. 2001 [33] | UK | 54/54 | Old, 68 | Hospital (deceased) | Depressive episodes | 4.01 (1.68–9.68) | ICD-10 |
Houston et al. 2001 [22]c | UK | 22/22 | Young, 100 | Hospital (DSH) | Affective disorders | 1.20 (0.31–4.68) | ICD-10 |
Hawton et al. 2002 [34]d | UK | 42/84 | All, 0 | Female nurses | Affective disorders | 55.25 (15.95–203) | ICD-10 |
Wærn et al. 2002 [23] | Sweden | 85/153 | Old, 55 | Community | Mood disorders | 66.73 (26.67–172) | DSM-IV |
Phillips et al. 2002 [35] | China | 519/536 | All, 63 | Community (deceased) | Depressive symptoms | 21.08 (14.62–30.70) | DSM-IV |
Owens et al. 2003 [24] | UK | 100/100 | All, 67 | GP lists | Depressive disorders | 49.00 (11.82–424) | ICD-10 |
Zhang et al. 2004 [25] | China | 66/66 | All, 73 | Community | Mood disorders | 15.57 (5.23–54.81) | DSM-III-R |
Chiu et al. 2004 [36] | Hong Kong | 70/100 | Old, 44 | Community | Depressive disorders | 59.24 (19.31–209) | DSM-III-R |
Pllevile et al. 2005 [27] | Canada | 95/95 | Old, 75 | Community (deceased) | Affective disorders | 24.75 (9.79–69.39) | DSM-IV |
Schneider et al. 2005 [28] | Germany | 163/396 | All, 58 | Community | Affective disorders | 5.63 (3.47–9.19) | DSM-IV |
Chen et al. 2006 [30] | Hong Kong | 150/150 | All, 64 | Community | Mood disorders | 8.97 (4.61–18.26) | DSM-IV |
Zonda et al. 2006 [31] | Hungary | 100/100 | All, 67 | Community (deceased) | Major depression | 2.75 (1.35–5.69) | DSM-IV |
Summaryb | No. of populations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (both genders) | 14 | 1,823/2,178 |
|
|
| 13.42 (8.05–22.37) *P < 0.001 |
|
Men | 4 | 297/414 |
|
|
| 6.56 (2.65–16.28) *P = 0.011 |
|
Women | 3 | 155/313 |
|
|
| 12.95 (3.06–54.83) *P = 0.001 |
|
Old | 4 | 304/402 |
|
|
| 24.62 (6.43–94.20) *P < 0.001 |
|