From: Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies
Author, published year (reference no.) | Country | No. of cases/controls | Age class, proportion of male (%) | Source of controls | Diagnosis | OR (95% CI)a | Diagnostic criteria |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lesage et al. 1994 [16]c | Canada | 75/75 | Young, 100 | Community | Alcohol abuse and dependence | 4.03 (1.51–11.94) | DSM-III-R |
Gould et al. 1996 [17] | US | 120/147 | Young, 79 | Community | Substance disorder | 4.70 (1.73–14.74) | DSM-III |
Brent et al. 1999 [18] | US | 140/131 | Young, 77 | Community | Substance abuse | 12.73 (4.79–42.28) | DSM-III |
Vijayakumar et al. 1999 [19] | India | 100/100 | All, 55 | Community | Alcoholism and substance abuse | 6.47 (2.70–17.05) | DSM-III-R |
Appleby et al. 1999 [20] | UK | 84/64 | Young, 81 | GP lists | Any alcohol or drug misuse | 10.34 (4.01–29.60) | ICD-10 |
Foster et al. 1999 [21] | Ireland | 117/117 | All, 79 | GP lists (deceased) | Psychoactive substance use disorder | 5.25 (1.73–14.74) | DSM-III-R |
Houston et al. 2001 [22]c | UK | 22/22 | Young, 100 | Hospital (DSH) | Drug/alcohol-related disorder | 0.14 (0.14–0.89) | ICD-10 |
Wærn et al. 2002 [23] | Sweden | 85/153 | Old, 55 | Community | Substance use disorder | 56.39 (8.64–2337) | DSM-IV |
Owens et al. 2003 [24] | UK | 100/100 | All, 67 | GP lists | Alcohol or substance abuse | 33.00 (5.10–1368) | ICD-10 |
Zhang et al. 2004 [25] | China | 66/66 | All, 73 | Community | Alcohol abuse | 2.77 (0.74–12.69) | DSM-III-R |
Gururaj et al. 2004 [26] | India | 269/269 | All, 64 | Community | History of alcohol consumption | 5.48 (3.30–9.33) | Original interview |
Pllevile et al. 2005 [27] | Canada | 95/95 | Old, 75 | Community (deceased) | Alcohol use disorder | 1.88 (0.54–7.43) | DSM-IV |
Schneider et al. 2005 [28] | Germany | 163/396 | All, 58 | Community | Substance-related disorders | 3.43 (2.23–5.26) | DSM-IV |
Kõlves et al. 2006 [29] | Estonia | 411/411 | All, 81 | GP lists | Alcohol abuse and dependence | 5.70 (4.14–7.85) | DSM-IV |
Chen et al. 2006 [30] | Hong Kong | 150/150 | All, 64 | Community | Substance abuse | 17.79 (2.68–750) | DSM-IV |
Zonda et al. 2006 [31] | Hungary | 100/100 | All, 67 | Community (deceased) | Alcohol and substance dependence/abuse | 0.73 (0.40–1.31) | DSM-IV |
Summaryb | No. of populations | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (both genders) | 14 | 2,000/2,152 |
|
|
| 5.24 (3.30–8.31) *P < 0.001 |
|
Men | 6 | 750/839 |
|
|
| 3.87 (1.85–8.13) *P < 0.001 |
|
Women | 3 | 157/292 |
|
|
| 8.34 (2.18–31.82) *P = 0.119 |
|
Young | 3 | 344/342 |
|
|
| 8.55 (4.76–15.37) *P = 0.306 |
|