Factors associated with serum total homocysteine level in type 2 diabetes

Table 2 Correlations with serum total homocysteine concentration level in all subjects, calculated by multiple regression analysis

	Male (n = 587)				Female (n = 689)
	Partial regression coefficient (β) ± SE	Standardized partial regression coefficient	p value of model	Standardized partial regression coefficient	Partial regression coefficient (β) ± SE	Standardized partial regression coefficient	p value of model	Standardized partial regression coefficient
	Model A^d	Model A^d	A^d	Model B^e	Model A^d	Model A^d	A^d	Model B^e
Age	0.012 ± 0.018	0.027	0.516	−0.090	0.039 ± 0.007	0.174	<0.001	0.058
DM	1.409 ± 0.458	0.128	0.002	–	1.004 ± 0.275	0.120	<0.001	–
FPG (mg/dl)	0.018 ± 0.003	0.223	<0.001	–	0.006 ± 0.002	0.085	0.010	–
HbA1c (%)	0.559 ± 0.141	0.167	<0.001	0.115*	0.251 ± 0.078	0.110	0.001	0.071
TC (mg/dl)	0.021 ± 0.005	0.163	<0.001	0.064	0.005 ± 0.002	0.071	0.033	0.064
logTG (mg/dl)	0.837 ± 0.370	0.095	0.024	−0.038	0.393 ± 0.175	0.076	0.025	−0.037
Cre (mg/dl)	6.015 ± 1.118	0.225	<0.001	–	5.809 ± 0.343	0.552	<0.001	–
eGFR	−0.067 ± 0.015	−0.195	<0.001	−0.280*	−0.060 ± 0.007	−0.331	<0.001	−0.271**
BP	0.635 ± 0.255	0.111	0.013	−0.018	0.458 ± 0.111	0.149	<0.001	0.158*
a-h agent	1.489 ± 0.501	0.211	<0.001	0.181*	0.397 ± 0.233	0.059	0.092	−0.026
BMI (kg/m²)	0.081 ± 0.045	0.075	0.076	0.063	0.070 ± 0.028	0.096	0.013	0.060
Smoking^a	1.433 ± 0.519	0.116	0.006	0.057	0.678 ± 0.325	0.068	0.038	0.084*
Drinking^b	−0.376 ± 0.473	−0.033	0.428	−0.115*	−0.285 ± 0.191	−0.049	0.135	−0.012
V event^c	−0.305 ± 0.634	−0.020	0.631	−0.056	0.939 ± 0.307	0.101	0.002	0.080

DM, non-diabetics = 0, diabetics = 1; Cre, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate by MDRD method (ml/min/1.73 m²); BP, blood pressure (N = 0; normal as SBP < 130 mmHg, and DBP < 80 mmHg, B = 1, high level of normal range as 130 mmHg ≤ SBP < 140 mmHg, and/or 80 mmHg ≤ DBP < 90 mmHg except for hypertension, H = 2; Hypertension as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg); a-h agent, anti-hypertensive agent (no = 0, routine intake = 1)
^aSmoking, smoking habits (non-smokers = 0, current smokers = 1)
^bDrinking, routine drinking habits (non-or occasional drinkers = 0, habitual drinkers = 1)
^cV event, history of myocardial infarction or cerebral infarction (not yet = 0, have past history = 1)
^dModel A was adjusted for age and Cre, however, that of eGFR was adjusted for age
^eModel B was adjusted for multi-variables (age, HbA1c, TC, logTG, eGFR, BP, a-h agent, BMI, smoking, drinking and V event)
* p value < 0.05; ** p value < 0.001

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