Table 2 Studies on environmental chemicals on obesity and type 2 diabetes
From: Developmental origins of obesity and type 2 diabetes: molecular aspects and role of chemicals
Subjects | Chemicalsa | Major findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Human studies | |||
 Adults in southern Taiwan | Arsenic | High prevalence of T2D | Lai et al. [147] |
 Air Force veterans | TCDD | Increased prevalence of T2D | Henriksen et al. [148] |
 Air Force veterans | TCDD | Serum level was correlated with incidence of T2D | Longnecker et al. [149] |
 Pubertal boys | DDE | Increased body weight | Gladen et al. [150] |
 Adults | POPs | Correlated with the prevalence of T2D | Lee et al. [100] |
 Adult women | PCB | Increased incidence of T2D | Vasiliu et al. [102] |
 Mexican Americans | p, p′-DDT | Increased prevalence of T2D | Cox et al. [151] |
 Adult native Americans | HCB | Serum level was positively correlated with incidence of T2D | Codru et al. [152] |
 U.S. population | Organochlorine pesticides | Positively associated with metabolic syndrome | Lee et al. [153] |
 Children aged 6 years | HCB | Increased BMI (body mass index) and body weight | Smink et al. [97] |
 Yucheng poisoning women | PCBs | Increased prevalence of T2D | Wang et al. [95] |
 Residents in Cd-contaminated area | Cd | Correlated with diabetic nephropathy | Hanswell-Elkins et al. [154] |
 Air Force veterans | TCDD | Increased prevalence of T2D | Michalek et al. [155] |
 Adult female offspring | DDE | Increased weight and BMI | Karmaus et al. [98] |
 Women aged 50–59 years | p, p′-DDE | Increased prevalence of T2D | Rignell-Hydbom et al. [156] |
 Workers | PFOS | Increased prevalence of T2D | Lundin et al. [157] |
 Children aged 3 years | DDE and PCBs | Intrauterine exposure was associated with BMI | Verhulst et al. [103] |
 Great Lakes sport fish consumers | DDE | Increased incidence of T2D | Turyk et al. [158] |
 Women in southern Spain | Nonylphenol | Positively associated with BMI | Lopez-Espinosa et al. [159] |
 Adults of eastern Slovakia | PCBs | Increased prevalence of T2D | Ukropec et al. [160] |
 Koreans | Organochlorine pesticides | Increased prevalence of T2D | Son et al. [161] |
 Adults | PCBs | Increased prevalence of T2D | Lee et al. [162] |
 Koreans | Heptachlor epoxide | Positively associated with metabolic syndrome | Park et al. [163] |
 Children at 14 months | DDE | Elevated BMI | Mendez et al. [164] |
 Adults aged 18–74 | BPA | Higher exposure was associated with general and central obesity | Carwile et al. [165] |
 Women aged 20 years | PFOA | Maternal PFOA concentrations were positively associated with BMI | Halldorsson et al. [104] |
 Adult populations of Catalonia | PCBs and HCBs | Positively associated with diabetes and prediabetes | Gasull et al. [166] |
Animal studies | |||
 Rats | Cd | Neonatal exposure increased diabetic prevalence | Merali et al. [167] |
 Female mice | BPA | Perinatal exposure led to obesity | Howdeshell et al. [107] |
 Female rats | BPA | Perinatal exposure led to obesity | Rubin et al. [168] |
 Rats | BPA | Perinatal exposure led to impaired glucose tolerance | Wei et al. [109] |
 Female ewe lambs | Octylphenols | Gestational exposure led to obesity | Wright et al. [112] |
 Mice | DES | Perinatal exposure led to obesity | Newbold et al. [106] |
 Mice | TBT | In utero exposure led to obesity | Grun et al. [117] |
 Female mice | BPA | Perinatal and postnatal exposure led to obesity | Miyawaki et al. [169] |
 Female mice | PFOS | Work as developmental obesogen | Hines et al. [170] |
 Female rats | BPA | Gestational exposure led to obesity | Somm et al. [108] |
 Mice | TBT | In utero exposure led to multipotent stem cells to become adipocytes | Kirchner et al. [118] |